VinDr-PCXR: An open, large-scale chest radiograph dataset for interpretation of common thoracic diseases in children

Abstract

Computer-aided diagnosis systems in adult chest radiography (CXR) have recently achieved great success thanks to the availability of large-scale, annotated datasets and the advent of high-performance supervised learning algorithms. However, the development of diagnostic models for detecting and diagnosing pediatric diseases in CXR scans is undertaken due to the lack of high-quality physician-annotated datasets. To overcome this challenge, we introduce and release VinDr-PCXR, a new pediatric CXR dataset of 9,125 studies retrospectively collected from a major pediatric hospital in Vietnam between 2020 and 2021. Each scan was manually annotated by a pediatric radiologist who has more than ten years of experience. The dataset was labeled for the presence of 36 critical findings and 15 diseases. In particular, each abnormal finding was identified via a rectangle bounding box on the image. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first and largest pediatric CXR dataset containing lesion-level annotations and image-level labels for the detection of multiple findings and diseases. For algorithm development, the dataset was divided into a training set of 7,728 and a test set of 1,397. To encourage new advances in pediatric CXR interpretation using data-driven approaches, we provide a detailed description of the VinDr-PCXR data sample and make the dataset publicly available on https://physionet.org/.

An Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning System Improves Interobserver Agreement in the Interpretation of Chest Radiograph

“…The actual impact of AI systems on the diagnostic performance of radiologists in clinical practice remains unclear [12,1,11]. We developed an explainable deep learning system called VinDr-CXR that can classify a chest X-ray (CXR) into multiple thoracic diseases and localize critical findings on the image [8,6,15,4,9,3,2,7,5]. A prospective study was conducted to measure the clinical impact of the VinDr-CXR in assisting six experienced radiologists.…”