The aim of this essay is to read Frauenlob's Minneleich as a creative response to Alan's De Planctu Naturae. 1 The first section will examine the relationship between the two texts, arguing that the Alanus-references at the start of the Minneleich signal an important intertextual relationship. The second section will focus on Frauenlob's hermaphrodite, arguing that this figure, placed at the imaginative centre of the Minneleich, represents an innovative and provocative take on the questions of transgressive desire and gender instability that run through De Planctu Naturae.
*Christoph Huber points out that with Frauenlob, we are on somwhat firmer ground than is normally the case when it comes to demonstrating the influence of Alan of Lille on Middle High German literature. 2 This relative certainty owes something to the fact that Frauenlob's entire corpus shows a marked interest in ontological hierarchies, including the operational scope of Love and Nature personified; 3 but it is also bolstered by two explicit references to Alanus at the start of the Minneleich.Alanus is mentioned soon after Frauenlob's persona has opened with a programmatic list of reasons as to why men must praise women. These are (i) because of the pleasure arising from social and sexual congress: (ii) because of women's ability to give birth; and (iii) out of respect for the Virgin Mary. 4 Frauenlob's persona then 1 The Minneleich is item III in Frauenlob, Leichs, Sangsprüche, Lieder, ed. by Stackmann/Bertau 1981, 330-379 (henceforth referenced by versicle and line numbers). Alan of Lille's De Planctu Naturae is quoted from Alan of Lille, Literary Works, ed. and transl. by Wetherbee 2013, 21-217 (henceforth referenced by section and subsection numbers (for the prose passages) and by section and line numbers (for the verse passages). The translations are from this edition. 2 Huber 1988a, 136. 3 Cf. Huber 1988a Newman 2006, 68-79, esp. 78: "Frauenlob's final resolution of this debate lies not in Minne und Welt but in the Marienleich, where he adopts the extraordinary solution of melding both goddesses (Love and Nature) with the person of Mary." Cf. also Bartel 2014. 4 III,1,4-6: Das erste ist durch geselleschaft, / daz ander durch der formen cleit, / daz dritte ist durch der hochsten vrouwen minne. Stackmann/Bertau 1981, 689 suggest that line III,1,5 could refer either to female beauty (i.e. woman are clothed in beautiful forms) or to the female potential to give birth (i.e. to clothe others in new forms). Given that the