vims Sea Carousel: A field instrument for studying sediment transport

Maa, Jerome P.‐Y.; Wright, L. D.; Lee, C.-H.; Shannon, Trevor

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(93)90056-2

Cited by 95 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The estimated bed shear stress intermittently surpassed the critical shear stress of 0.5 dyne/cm 2 (Gardner, 1989) and caused resuspension of the fine material (very fine sands and silts) from the bed. Some estimated amplitudes were occasionally higher than a more conservative critical value of 1.0 dyne/cm 2 , (Maa et al, 1993). Both water clarity data and video footage taken during two such events in June and July confirmed the occurrences of resuspension and therefore the validity of the estimated values of bed shear stress.…”

Section: Sediment Resuspensionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Huntington Beach shoreline contamination investigation, Phase III; Coastal circulation and transport patterns: The likelihood of OCSD's plume impacting Huntington Beach shoreline

Noble¹,

Xu²,

Rosenfeld³

et al. 2003

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Section: Sediment Resuspensionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Huntington Beach shoreline contamination investigation, Phase III; Coastal circulation and transport patterns: The likelihood of OCSD's plume impacting Huntington Beach shoreline

Noble¹,

Xu²,

Rosenfeld³

et al. 2003

Open-File Report

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“…Studies addressing individual processes in, for example, benthic boundary-layer devices (Maa et al 1993, Gust & Müller 1997, Thomsen & Flach 1997, Boynton et al 1981 or water-column devices (e.g. Sullivan et al 1991) provide detailed information on a certain interaction or process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water flow can alter the direction and magnitude of process pathways and affect benthic-pelagic coupling. bottom shear velocity (shear stress) affects diffusional processes at the sediment -water interface (Dade 1993, Sanford & Crawford 2000, sediment erosion (Maa et al 1993), microphytobenthos erosion (Madsen et al 1993, Yallop et al 1994, Sutherland et al 1998, and possibly nutrient transformations and regeneration (Boynton 1985, Santschi et al 1990). Benthic suspensions feeders and flow interact in many ways (Wildish & Kristmanson 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of oysters Crassostrea virginica and bottom shear velocity on benthic-pelagic coupling and estuarine water quality

Porter

Cornwell²,

Sanford³

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Increasing the biomass of bivalve suspensions feeders has been proposed as a means to improve water quality in eutrophic estuaries such as the Chesapeake Bay. However, water quality impacts are likely to be determined by the balance of bivalve feeding and the deposition and sediment regeneration of nutrients from particulate organic matter. In shallow-water environments, benthic and pelagic processes are closely coupled and water flow can regulate the supply of seston to the bivalves. In addition, such flow may regulate benthic-pelagic nutrient fluxes through mass transfer limitation and resuspension. We studied the interacting effects of juvenile oysters Crassostrea virginica and bottom shear velocity on phytoplankton biomass and on nutrient regeneration in a series of three 4 wk long comparative experimental ecosystem experiments. All mesocosms had a 1000 l water volume, a 1 m 2 sediment surface area, and a 1 m water-column depth, and the same realistic water-column mixing (turbulence intensity 1 cm s -1 ). The systems included a multi-component mesocosm with moderate bottom shear velocity (0.6 cm s -1 ) and 2 standard cylindrical tanks with an unrealistically low bottom shear velocity (0.1 cm s -1 ). Oysters shifted processes to the sediments by decreasing phytoplankton biomass without stimulating additional blooms and by increasing light penetration to the bottom. Through complex and indirect relationships, the interaction of oysters and enhanced shear velocity significantly affected microphytobenthos biomass. Light, as enhanced by the oyster feeding on phytoplankton, increased microphytobenthos biomass; a moderate bottomshear velocity eroded the biomass. Microphytobenthos biomass decreased nutrient regeneration from the sediments to the water column and may have implications for water quality in low-energy parts of shallow-water estuaries such as Chesapeake Bay. Enhanced bottom shear in more energetic parts of shallow estuaries negatively affects microphytobenthos biomass and may increase nutrient regeneration from the sediments.

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“…Measurements of erosion thresholds of cohesive sediments have been conducted in different environments including sea beds [41,42], wetlands and tidal flats [43,44], lakes [45], mountain reservoirs [46] and in different river sections where fine sediment can deposit such as groyne fields, side structures or harbors [26,34,47]. Debnath and Chaudhuri [48] published an overview with a wide range of erosion thresholds including mostly marine, estuarine, and tidal environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Field and Laboratory Measurements to Determine the Erosion Risk of Cohesive Sediments Best

Noack

Gerbersdorf

Hillebrand

et al. 2015

Water

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Abstract:In contrast to non-cohesive sediments, the incipient motion of cohesive sediments is characterized by much more complex interactions between several sedimentary, biological, and chemical parameters. Thus, site-specific investigations are required to obtain information about the erosion stability of cohesive materials. This becomes even more relevant for contaminated sediments, stored in riverine sediments as a "burden of the past", because of their remobilization potential during flood events. This article represents a twofold measuring strategy for the detection of erosion thresholds: an in situ device for determination of critical shear stresses in the field, and a laboratory approach where sediment cores are withdrawn and subsequently analyzed over depth. The combined measuring strategy was applied in the River Elbe and at selected sites of the catchment of the River Saale. The results show a great variety of erosion thresholds over depth, demonstrating the need to conduct vertical analyses, especially when addressing buried layers with contaminations. The latter is only possible in the laboratory but the in situ device revealed clear benefits in capturing the loose flocculent layer on top of the sediment that might be easily lost during sediment retrieval and transport. Consequently, it is ideal to combine both approaches for a comprehensive insight into sediment stability. OPEN ACCESSWater 2015, 7 5062

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vims Sea Carousel: A field instrument for studying sediment transport

Cited by 95 publications

References 15 publications

Huntington Beach shoreline contamination investigation, Phase III; Coastal circulation and transport patterns: The likelihood of OCSD's plume impacting Huntington Beach shoreline

Huntington Beach shoreline contamination investigation, Phase III; Coastal circulation and transport patterns: The likelihood of OCSD's plume impacting Huntington Beach shoreline

Effect of oysters Crassostrea virginica and bottom shear velocity on benthic-pelagic coupling and estuarine water quality

Combining Field and Laboratory Measurements to Determine the Erosion Risk of Cohesive Sediments Best

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