Vimentin Intermediate Filaments: the Central Base in Sinus Endothelial Cells of the Rat Spleen

Uehara, Kiyoko; Uehara, Akira

doi:10.1002/ar.21210

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The basal cytoplasm of human sinus endothelia contains rather thick intermediate vimentin filaments, which form several longitudinal stripes per cell visible by light microscopy even without special staining . This is similar to rat sinus endothelia, which also contain vimentin filaments associated with actin filaments in their basal cytoplasm . Both types of filaments appear to be involved in anchoring the sinus endothelia to the extracellular ring fibres.…”

Section: Microanatomy Of Human Mouse and Rat Splenic Red Pulpmentioning

confidence: 60%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Human spleen microanatomy: why mice do not suffice

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe microanatomical structure of the spleen has been primarily described in mice and rats. This leads to terminological problems with respect to humans and their species-specific splenic microstructure. In mice, rats and humans the spleen consists of the white pulp embedded in the red pulp. In the white pulp, T and B lymphocytes form accumulations, the periarteriolar lymphatic sheaths and the follicles, located around intermediate-sized arterial vessels, the central arteries. The red pulp is a reticular connective tissue containing all types of blood cells. The spleen of mice and rats exhibits an additional well-delineated B-cell compartment, the marginal zone, between white and red pulp. This area is, however, absent in human spleen. Human splenic secondary follicles comprise three zones: a germinal centre, a mantle zone and a superficial zone. In humans, arterioles and sheathed capillaries in the red pulp are surrounded by lymphocytes, especially by B cells. Human sheathed capillaries are related to the splenic ellipsoids of most other vertebrates. Such vessels are lacking in rats or mice, which form an evolutionary exception. Capillary sheaths are composed of endothelial cells, pericytes, special stromal sheath cells, macrophages and B lymphocytes. Human spleens most probably host a totally open circulation system, as connections from capillaries to sinuses were not found in the red pulp. Three stromal cell types of different phenotype and location occur in the human white pulp. Splenic white and red pulp structure is reviewed in rats, mice and humans to encourage further investigations on lymphocyte recirculation through the spleen.

show abstract

Section: Microanatomy Of Human Mouse and Rat Splenic Red Pulpmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…It is likely that the microcirculation in mouse and rat spleens is similar to that in humans, because cords and sinuses are present in all three species . However, in rat spleens the walls of larger veins are directly invaded by lymphocytes and other leukocytes and may be involved in recirculation.…”

Section: Microanatomy Of Human Mouse and Rat Splenic Red Pulpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human spleen microanatomy: why mice do not suffice

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast to the situation found in spleens with venous sinuses (sinusal spleens: man, dog, rat; Schmidt et al, 1982;mouse;Balazs et al, 2001;Uehara and Uehara, 2010) in the spleens without venous sinuses (nonsinusal spleens: cat, Clawed Toad) "primordial veins" (Snook, 1950), also termed "pulp venules" by Blue and Weiss (1981) are present. That means that in Xenopus blood from the intermediate circulation, that is that part of the microcirculation between the end of the arterial capillaries and the start of the venous channels (Schmidt et al, 1982) drains into pulp venules which continue into intraparenchymal veins, subcapsular veins, and drain via the splenic vein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Our inability to diagnose sinuses in splenic vascular casts by SEM contrasts with light microscopical findings gained by Franchini et al (2016) who described blood filled sinuses within the red pulp of adult Xenopus. Under the assumption, however, that splenic sinuses in Xenopus have a similar structure as those in mouse, then 0.5-1.5 mm wide and a few micrometer long interendothelial gaps (Uehara and Uehara, 2010; Fig. 1) would serve as pathways for resin flow from the interstitial (extravasal) space through these gaps into sinuses and fill them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A methylmethacrylate-based casting medium as used in our study can cast tubes with sub micrometer luminal diameters (Mayer, 1989) and consequently also will cross interendothelial gaps of splenic sinuses and cast them. To definitely confirm the presence/absence of splenic sinuses in Xenopus light microscopy of immunostained tissue sections as done by Steiniger et al (2011) and/or scanning electron microscopy of glutaraldehyde fixed, tannic acid treated, frozen cracked and freeze-dried spleens (Uehara and Uehara, 2010) need to be done.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microvascularization of the spleen in larval and adult Xenopus laevis: Histomorphology and scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts

Lametschwandtner

Radner

Minnich

2016

Journal of Morphology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microvascular anatomy and histomorphology of larval and adult spleens of the Clawed Toad, Xenopus laevis were studied by light microscopy of paraplast embedded serial tissue sections and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vascular corrosion casts (VCCs). Histology showed i) that white and red pulp are present at the onset of metamorphic climax (stage 57) and ii) that splenic vessels penetrated deeply into the splenic parenchyma at the height of metamorphic climax (stage 64). Scanning electron microscopy of VCCs demonstrated gross arterial supply and venous drainage, splenic microvascular patterns as well as the structure of the interstitial (extravasal) spaces representing the "open circulation routes." These spaces identified themselves as interconnected resin masses of two distinct forms, namely "broccoli-shaped" forms and highly interconnected small resin structures. Arterial and venous trees were clearly identified, as were transitions from capillaries to interstitial spaces and from interstitial spaces to pulp venules. Venous sinuses were not diagnosed (nonsinusal spleen). The splenic circulation in Xenopus laevis is "open." It is hypothesized that red blood cells circulate via splenic artery, central arteries, penicillar arteries, and red pulp capillaries primarily via "broccoli-shaped" interstitial spaces, pulp venules and veins into subcapsular veins to splenic veins while lymphocytes circulate also via the interstitial spaces represented by the highly interconnected small resin structures in vascular corrosion casts. In physiological terms, the former most likely represent the fast route for blood circulation, while the latter represent the slow route. J. Morphol. 277:1559-1569, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

Integrin αvβ5 in endothelial cells of rat splenic sinus: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Uehara

2014

Cell Tissue Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Localization of integrins β1-8, α1, α2, α3, α5, α6 and αv in sinus endothelial cells of the rat spleen was examined by immunofluorescence microscopy. Labeling for anti-integrin β5 and integrin αv was detected and colocalized in the entire circumference of endothelial cells. Labeling for integrin β5, vinculin and actin filaments demonstrated that they lay close to each other in the basal part of the endothelial cells. Although the other integrin βs, including integrin β1 and integrins α1, α2, α3, α5 and α6 in combination with integrin β1, were localized in leukocytes, slightly large cells, megakaryocytes and/or platelets in the sinus lumen and splenic cords, they were not detected in endothelial cells. Labeling for vitronectin, a component of the extracellular-matrix-binding integrin αvβ5, was strongly stained in the periphery of the wall of sinuses, as was collagen IV and, in addition, was localized in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells. Ultrastructural localization of integrin β5, vitronectin and clathrin was examined by immunogold electron microscopy to elucidate the involvement of integrin αvβ5 in the endocytosis of vitronectin in sinus endothelial cells. Electron microscopy with detergent extraction revealed abundant coated pits and coated vesicles in endothelial cells. Immunogold labeling for vitronectin was present in pits, vesicles and the stacked endoplasmic reticulum. Double-labeling for integrin β5 or integrin αv and clathrin revealed that they were colocalized in some vesicles in close proximity to the apical and lateral plasma membrane of the endothelial cells. The possible functional roles of integrin αvβ5 in endothelial cells of the splenic sinus are discussed.

show abstract

Vimentin Intermediate Filaments: the Central Base in Sinus Endothelial Cells of the Rat Spleen

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Human spleen microanatomy: why mice do not suffice

Human spleen microanatomy: why mice do not suffice

Microvascularization of the spleen in larval and adult Xenopus laevis: Histomorphology and scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts

Integrin αvβ5 in endothelial cells of rat splenic sinus: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About