Vietnam’s Perceptions and Strategies toward China’s Belt and Road Initiative Expansion: Hedging with Resisting

Vu, Van Hoa; Soong, Jenn Jaw; Nguyen, Khac Nghia

doi:10.1080/10971475.2020.1809818

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Meskipun persepsi elit politik Vietnam sangat dipengaruhi oleh sentimen ekspansionisme Tiongkok yang menciptakan kekhawatiran akan adanya BRI, namun mereka juga percaya bahwa proyek ini dapat memberikan keuntungan ekonomis bagi Vietnam. 25 Inilah yang kemudian melandasi pertimbangan untuk lebih terbuka dalam hubungannya dengan Beijing. Melunaknya sikap Vietnam juga disebabkan oleh ketergantungan ekonomi yang kuat terhadap Tiongkok yang merupakan partner dagang terbesar mereka, dengan nilai perdagangan pada tahun 2015 mencapai USD 96 triliun.…”

Section: Analisis a Belt And Road Initiative Dan Desekuritisasi Negar...unclassified

Pengaruh Kebijakan Belt and Road Initiative Tiongkok terhadap Stabilitas Sub-Kompleks Keamanan Asia Tenggara

Mahendra,

Ramadhoan,

Suhermanto

2023

JIHI

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan Belt and Road Initiative Tiongkok terhadap stabilitas sub-kompleks keamanan kawasan Asia Tenggara. Sebagai alat analisis, penulis menggunakan teori regional security complex yang difokuskan pada variabel social construction. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa Tiongkok menggunakan BRI sebagai alat desekuritisasi yang memengaruhi dinamika konstruksi sosial di kawasan. Dengan memanfaatkan kerja sama ekonomi dan pembangunan, Tiongkok berupaya menghilangkan persepsi ancaman (sekuritisasi) dengan membentuk citra kooperatif terhadap negara-negara Asia Tenggara. Perbaikan citra Tiongkok terlihat dari adanya perubahan pola aliansi di kawasan, di mana negara-negara yang sebelumnya dekat dengan Amerika Serikat kini mulai menunjukkan tendensinya terhadap Beijing. Bahkan, Thailand dan Filipina yang merupakan sekutu terdekat Washington di kawasan juga memperlihatkan kecenderungan serupa. Selain itu, penulis melihat bahwa upaya desekuritisasi yang dilakukan Tiongkok akan memengaruhi kemampuan kolektif ASEAN dalam merespons sengketa di LTS. Sebelumnya terdapat perbedaan pendapat antara negara anggota mengenai langkah dan mekanisme yang digunakan untuk merespons manuver Tiongkok di LTS. Beberapa negara menunjukkan resistansi yang kuat, namun beberapa negara cenderung lemah atau bahkan berpihak kepada Tiongkok. Adanya pembangunan BRI berpotensi mendorong konsolidasi sikap di antara negara-negara anggota. Konsolidasi tersebut mengacu pada pelemahan sikap ASEAN yang disebabkan oleh memudarnya persepsi sekuritisasi, dan semakin kooperatifnya negara-negara anggota terhadap Beijing.

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Section: Analisis a Belt And Road Initiative Dan Desekuritisasi Negar...unclassified

Pengaruh Kebijakan Belt and Road Initiative Tiongkok terhadap Stabilitas Sub-Kompleks Keamanan Asia Tenggara

Mahendra,

Ramadhoan,

Suhermanto

2023

JIHI

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“…comprehensive cooperation with China, and (3) hedging through multilateralization and diversification of foreign policy to establish good relations with all international organizations and countries. Such action can be seen as Vietnam's multi-aspect, comprehensive and dominant strategy to protect its value against China in the context of BRI (Vu et al, 2020).…”

Section: National Strategies: Balancing National Interests and Potent...mentioning

confidence: 99%

CLMV, ASEAN6 and China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Economically Secure, Politically Insecure

Permana,

Taufan

2022

Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management

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This paper aims to explore the influence of BRI in CLMV countries and its implications for the process of ASEAN economic integration. ASEAN faces an economic development gap between ASEAN6 and the CLMV bloc that can be filled by China through various economic development schemes, including the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). BRI can be a dilemma at various levels, but it can also be a stimulant to strengthen ASEAN economic integration. The characteristics of the ASEAN region that adheres to open regionalism or hybrid regionalism can be an advantage in economic integration through AEC, where economically, ASEAN member countries can freely determine the pattern of bilateral economic cooperation with virtually any country, but politically, the ASEAN Way principle can determine the pattern of political decision making at the regional level. Without the domination of a country in the region, all member countries will speak on behalf of the region if there is a political decision concerning the region. At this point, the tendency of sub-regionalism within ASEAN can be suppressed while still obtaining economic benefits.

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“…The BRI program has both economic as well as political consequences for the countries involved as well as those not involved in it. In China's own neighborhood, BRI-supporting countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam, have diverse sentiments about the viability and implications of the program(Chao 2021;Chin 2021;Cox et al 2018;Moramudali 2016;Mursitama and Ying 2021;Punyaratabandhu and Swaspitchayaskun 2021; Qianqian and Yijun 2021;Soong and Aung 2021;Vu, Soong, and Nguyen 2021). Because the implications of this program go beyond transportation efficiency, stakeholder perceptions of this program have takeaways for global entities (commercial and political) in the way that they strategize their future.…”

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confidence: 99%

Global Perception of the Belt and Road Initiative: A Natural Language Processing Approach

Mokashi¹,

Jayaraman²,

Mahakul³

et al. 2022

JBDAI

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In less than seven years since the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 138 countries have signed on to the program, with by some counts 118 projects being planned. BRI is a Chinese multi-trillion-dollar global infrastructure initiative that has geopolitical implications for both the participating as well as non-participating countries. Some of the very appealing unique selling points of this initiative also make it controversial amongst its stakeholders. This variation in sentiments can be perceived in the media reporting where there is freedom of expression. In this paper, we have used sentiment analysis to gauge the variation in the stakeholder perception over time across three groups - China, participating and non-participating countries. Our analysis of 7,856 news articles has provided quantitative evidence of declining positive sentiment over time.

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Vietnam’s Perceptions and Strategies toward China’s Belt and Road Initiative Expansion: Hedging with Resisting

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Pengaruh Kebijakan Belt and Road Initiative Tiongkok terhadap Stabilitas Sub-Kompleks Keamanan Asia Tenggara

Pengaruh Kebijakan Belt and Road Initiative Tiongkok terhadap Stabilitas Sub-Kompleks Keamanan Asia Tenggara

CLMV, ASEAN6 and China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Economically Secure, Politically Insecure

Global Perception of the Belt and Road Initiative: A Natural Language Processing Approach

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