Vietnam's New Middle Classes: Gender, Career, City

Earl, Catherine

doi:10.1355/sj30-2m

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Age could be a good proxy for entrepreneurial experience, as older entrepreneurs may get more years of working and establishing networks. Meanwhile, gender could be a good proxy for education since in Vietnam, gender is highly correlated with access to education: male entrepreneurs are more likely to be well educated than their female counterparts (LESHKOWICH, 2015;RYDSTROM, 2015).…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local governance and business performance in Vietnam: the transaction costs’ perspective

Nguyen

Mickiewicz

2017

Regional Studies

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This paper adopts transaction costs perspective to explain why growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may vary across regions of an emerging economy. Furthermore, it is argued that young and small firms gain more from improvement of local governance than old and large firms do. In addition, depending on the institutional history, SMEs will respond differently to the incentives provided by local governance. Analysing more than 300,00 SMEs in Vietnam during the 2006-2012 period, it is shown that higher quality local governance positively influences local SME revenue growth; this effect is stronger for young and small firms, and matters more where institutional history suggests less support for entrepreneurship. JEL codes: D02, H73, L25, L26

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Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local governance and business performance in Vietnam: the transaction costs’ perspective

Nguyen

Mickiewicz

2017

Regional Studies

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“…; Nguyen‐Marshall et al. ; Earl ). Rather, my goal has been to interrogate the meaning of its existence, specifically with regard to the lived experiences of women who identify with and participate in urban middle‐class culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These women also represented a growing population of middle‐class consumers, who were gaining access to previously unavailable cultural forms that were shaping their lives in important ways (Nguyen‐Marshall et al. ; Earl ). Consumer society played a key role, moreover, in the growing importance of social performance in everyday life that was defining what it meant to be urban middle‐class women (Goffman ; Leshkowich ) (Figure ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is It My Job to Make Him Care? Middle-Class Women and Gender Inequality in Ho Chi Minh City

Higgins¹

2015

Anthropol Work Rev

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Despite considerable material and social gains, urban middle‐class women in turn of the 21st century Vietnam continued to face gender inequality. Although the nature of gender inequality had certainly changed in the preceding approximately two decades, it nonetheless continued to impact these women's lives, showing little or no sign of abating. Investigating these developments for more than a decade, the research upon which this article is based provides ethnographic evidence of the persistence of gender inequality, documenting the disproportionate share of work or burden with which middle‐class women were shouldered. This burden came in three basic arenas: work outside the home, work inside the home, and sociocultural or symbolic work. Combined, these three pillars of inequality demonstrate that gender norms and expectations in Vietnam, while certainly not static, are best understood as a refashioned version of the longstanding imbalance between men and women in a society wherein healthy gender relations have remained at least partly illusive.

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“…When following the workings of 'Big Food' monopolising complete global food chains, as discussed earlier, it does not come with surprise that respective food businesses eventually moved on from saturated markets in the Global North to emerging market-terrain such as Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries. Western-style formats of fast food restaurants and coffee houses tend to appeal, for example, to Asian middle classes and become locally adapted as spaces for leisure and recreation, as family events or as spaces for business opportunities (Higgins 2008;King et al 2008;Yan 2008;Earl 2014;Ehlert 2016).…”

Section: From the Productivist Gaze To The 'Fruits' Of Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Anxiety: Ambivalences Around Body and Identity, Food Safety, and Security

Ehlert

Faltmann

2018

Food Anxiety in Globalising Vietnam

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This introductory chapter to the edited volume Food Anxiety in Globalising Vietnam puts food in Vietnam in global perspective in terms of agricultural development, food system modernisation, and socio-cultural relations, and conceptually outlines food anxiety as the book’s common lens. This lens proves central for understanding the ‘dangerous’ side of food as material matter and symbolic meaning. ‘Food anxiety’ uncovers the politico-economic context and the socio-cultural embeddedness of eating and the struggles of urban consumers and food producers with ambivalences around the security and quality of food, their bodily integrity and identity. From the perspective of critical development studies, this chapter opens up the following discussions around power and the inclusive and exclusive nature of food globalisations in local contexts.

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Vietnam's New Middle Classes: Gender, Career, City

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Local governance and business performance in Vietnam: the transaction costs’ perspective

Local governance and business performance in Vietnam: the transaction costs’ perspective

Is It My Job to Make Him Care? Middle-Class Women and Gender Inequality in Ho Chi Minh City

Food Anxiety: Ambivalences Around Body and Identity, Food Safety, and Security

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