Videopolygraphic and functional MRI study of musicogenic epilepsy. A case report and literature review

Pittau, Francesca; Tinuper, Paolo; Bisulli, Francesca; Naldi, Ilaria; Cortelli, Pietro; Bisulli, A.; Stipa, Carlotta; Cevolani, Daniela; Agati, R.; Leonardi, Marco; Baruzzi, Agostino

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.05.004

Cited by 68 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…4). Therefore, we were not able to confirm previously published hypotheses about an initial frontal cortical involvement triggering the epileptic discharges (Marrosu et al, 2009;Morocz et al, 2003;Pittau et al, 2008). The alternative hypothesis suggested by previous papers that activity changes in the orbitofrontal lobes, which are believed to be key structures in processing emotional aspects of music (Morocz et al, 2003), reflect emotional arousal related to the music rather than seizure activity per se does not apply to our data either.…”

Section: Dynamic Causal Modelingcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…the seizure-related BOLD map, and previous literature (Marrosu et al, 2009;Morocz et al, 2003;Pittau et al, 2008;Tayah et al, 2006;Trevathan et al, 1999) two regions of interest (ROI) were selected as possible seizure origins in this case: the frontal (MNI: 2 60 -14 mm) and the right mesiotemporal (MNI: 38 6 -12 mm) cluster of the fMRI activation map. To perform the effective connectivity analysis based on fMRI we computed the first principal eigenvariate of the voxel time series for each ROI and mean-corrected it using the "effects of interest" F-contrast.…”

Section: Effective Connectivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…functional changes in complex brain networks in humans, non-invasively. Seizure origin has been shown to involve foci within the temporal lobes with a rightsided preponderance in most cases, but extra-temporal foci have also been described (for review see Pittau et al, 2008). Several (EEG-) fMRI-studies have even postulated that stimulus-induced activity in frontal cortical areas, which are believed to be key structures in processing emotional aspects of music, may initiate the seizure cascade in temporal regions finally visible as epileptic discharges in scalp EEG (Marrosu et al, 2009;Morocz et al, 2003;Pittau et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multimodal effective connectivity analysis reveals seizure focus and propagation in musicogenic epilepsy

et al. 2015

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Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) is a method to non-invasively assess effective connectivity between brain regions. 'Musicogenic epilepsy' is a rare reflex epilepsy syndrome in which seizures can be elicited by musical stimuli and thus represents a unique possibility to investigate complex human brain networks and test connectivity analysis tools. We investigated effective connectivity in a case of musicogenic epilepsy using DCM for fMRI, high-density (hd-) EEG and MEG and validated results with intracranial EEG recordings. A patient with musicogenic seizures was examined using hd-EEG/fMRI and simultaneous '256-channel hd-EEG'/ 'whole head MEG' to characterize the epileptogenic focus and propagation effects using source analysis techniques and DCM. Results were validated with invasive EEG recordings. We recorded one seizure with hd-EEG/fMRI and four auras with hd-EEG/MEG. During the seizures, increases of activity could be observed in the right mesial temporal region as well as bilateral mesial frontal regions. Effective connectivity analysis of fMRI and hd-EEG/MEG indicated that right mesial temporal neuronal activity drives changes in the frontal areas consistently in all three modalities, which was confirmed by the results of invasive EEG recordings. Seizures thus seem to originate in the right mesial temporal lobe and propagate to mesial frontal regions. Using DCM for fMRI, hd-EEG and MEG we were able to correctly localize focus and propagation of epileptic activity and thereby characterize the underlying epileptic network in a patient with musicogenic epilepsy. The concordance between all three functional modalities validated by invasive monitoring is noteworthy, both for epileptic activity spread as well as for effective connectivity analysis in general.© 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. IntroductionMany physiological and pathological processes of the human brain are driven by networks and connectivity between brain regions. Thus, analysis of these connections is of particular importance in neurosciences and several methods have been proposed to study connectivity in-vivo by means of functional imaging. One of these is dynamic causal modeling (DCM), a method to assess the effective connectivity between brain regions, i.e. the causal influence that one neuronal system exerts over others. It was first developed for fMRI with the aim to estimate the parameters of a neuronal system model from which a blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal can be predicted that corresponds as closely as possible to the measured BOLD time series (Friston et al., 2003). Later, DCM was extended to the analysis of effective connectivity in EEG and MEG data taking into account the very high temporal resolution of these techniques and thereby combining a spatial forward model with a biologically informed temporal forward model (Kiebel et al., 2008). DCM can be used to test which brain region drives which by constructing different models of interacting regions or nodes and identifying the best one by model comparison. Thi...

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Section: Dynamic Causal Modelingcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Effective Connectivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multimodal effective connectivity analysis reveals seizure focus and propagation in musicogenic epilepsy

et al. 2015

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“…The epileptic syndrome displayed by GASH:Sal can be classified within the sensory-elicited human reflex epilepsies as a type of sound-induced epilepsy related to musicogenic epilepsies [106] or telephone-induced seizures [107] appearing in the young adult. Although perhaps GASH:Sal seizures would be closest to the so-called "reflex myoclonic epilepsy of infancy".…”

Section: Relevance Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic audiogenic seizure hamster from Salamanca: The GASH:Sal

Muñoz

Carballosa-Gautam

Yanowsky

et al. 2017

Epilepsy & Behavior

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The hamster has been previously described as a paroxysmal dystonia model, but our strain is currently recognized as a model of audiogenic seizures (AGS). The original first epileptic hamster appeared spontaneously at the University of Valladolid, where it was known as the GPG:Vall line, and was transferred to the University of Salamanca where a new strain was developed, named GASH:Sal. By testing auditory brainstem responses, the GASH:Sal exhibits elevated auditory thresholds that indicate a hearing impairment. Moreover, amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis distinguished genetic differences between the susceptible GASH:Sal hamster strain and the control Syrian hamsters. The GASH:Sal constitutes an experimental model of reflex epilepsy of audiogenic origin derived from an autosomal recessive disorder. Thus, the GASH:Sal exhibits generalized tonic-clonic seizures, characterized by a short latency period after auditory stimulation, followed by wild running, a convulsive phase, and finally stupor, with origin in the brainstem. The seizure profile of the GASH:Sal is similar to those exhibited by other models of inherited AGS susceptibility, which decreases after six months of age, but the proneness across generations is maintained. The GASH:Sal can be considered a reliable model of audiogenic seizures, suitable to investigate current antiepileptic pharmaceutical treatments as well as novel therapeutic drugs.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Genetic Models-Epilepsy.

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“…Our hypothesis is that the right-frontal region acts as a filter for pre-ictal condition change-a phase transition in the brain dynamics [6] that can be induced by noise [7]. Pittau et al [8] reviewed the recent technical literature on sound-induced (musicogenic) seizures, which activate the fronto-temporo-occipital area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%