Video game training enhances cognitive control in older adults

Anguera, Joaquin A.; Boccanfuso, Jacqueline; Rintoul, Jean L.; Al-Hashimi, Omar; Faraji, Farshid; Janowich, Jacqueline R.; Kong, Eun Suk; Larraburo, Y.; Rolle, Camarin E.; Johnston, Ellie; Gazzaley, Adam

doi:10.1038/nature12486

Cited by 1,324 publications

(1,180 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Psychologists have a history of using games and game-like interfaces to make experiments more palatable to participants (e.g., Anguera et al, 2013;Boot et al, 2010;Mané & Donchin, 1989;Miranda & Palmer, 2014), and mobile devices offer an exciting new means to crowd source an experiment in a game-like form.…”

Section: Drivers Of Prediction Accuracy In World Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

Mellers¹,

Stone²,

Atanasov³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

126

129

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This article extends psychological methods and concepts into a domain that is as profoundly consequential as it is poorly understood: intelligence analysis. We report findings from a geopolitical forecasting tournament that assessed the accuracy of more than 150,000 forecasts of 743 participants on 199 events occurring over 2 years. Participants were above average in intelligence and political knowledge relative to the general population. Individual differences in performance emerged, and forecasting skills were surprisingly consistent over time. Key predictors were (a) dispositional variables of cognitive ability, political knowledge, and openmindedness; (b) situational variables of training in probabilistic reasoning and participation in collaborative teams that shared information and discussed rationales (Mellers, Ungar, et al., 2014); and (c) behavioral variables of deliberation time and frequency of belief updating. We developed a profile of the best forecasters; they were better at inductive reasoning, pattern detection, cognitive flexibility, and open-mindedness. They had greater understanding of geopolitics, training in probabilistic reasoning, and opportunities to succeed in cognitively enriched team environments. Last but not least, they viewed forecasting as a skill that required deliberate practice, sustained effort, and constant monitoring of current affairs. A t APA, we understand how challenging it can be for you to stay abreast of the latest and best academic research on psychology. Disciplines Finance and Financial Management | Social and Behavioral Sciences

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Section: Drivers Of Prediction Accuracy In World Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

Mellers¹,

Stone²,

Atanasov³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

126

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Training programs aimed at improving learning of a cognitive ability have often proven successful in aging participants (Ball et al, 2002;Buitenweg et al, 2012;Anguera et al, 2013;Zimerman et al, 2013), but what exactly underlies the observed improvements and how these differ across the age spectrum are currently unknown. For instance, learning may reflect an enhancement in the ability to integrate information, for example, coming from different visual cues, or instead it may indicate improved ability to suppress task-irrelevant information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning to Integrate versus Inhibiting Information Is Modulated by Age

Cappelletti

Pikkat²,

Upstill³

et al. 2015

J. Neurosci.

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Cognitive training aiming at improving learning is often successful, but what exactly underlies the observed improvements and how these differ across the age spectrum are currently unknown. Here we asked whether learning in young and older people may reflect enhanced ability to integrate information required to perform a cognitive task or whether it may instead reflect the ability to inhibit task-irrelevant information for successful task performance. We trained 30 young and 30 aging human participants on a numerosity discrimination task known to engage the parietal cortex and in which cue-integration and inhibitory abilities can be distinguished. We coupled training with parietal, motor, or sham transcranial random noise stimulation, known for modulating neural activity. Numerosity discrimination improved after training and was maintained long term, especially in the training ϩ parietal stimulation group, regardless of age. Despite the quantitatively similar improvement in the two age groups, the content of learning differed remarkably: aging participants improved more in inhibitory abilities, whereas younger subjects improved in cue-integration abilities. Moreover, differences in the content of learning were reflected in different transfer effects to untrained but related abilities: in the younger group, improvements in cue integration paralleled improvements in continuous quantity (time and space), whereas in the elderly group, improvements in numerosity-based inhibitory abilities generalized to other measures of inhibition and corresponded to a decline in space discrimination, possibly because conflicting learning resources are used in numerosity and continuous quantity processing. These results indicate that training can enhance different, age-dependent cognitive processes and highlight the importance of identifying the exact processes underlying learning for effective training programs.

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“…Considering that video game training can improve perceptual skills (Green et al, 2010), cognitive control (Anguera et al, 2013), and amblyopia (Jeon, Lewis, & Maurer, 2012), it is likely that playing a violent video game could modulate facial expression recognition. Moreover, observed effects on P2 latency were sustained even after a few months post playing the game.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these enhancements are associated with neuroplasticity (Anguera et al, 2013;Kühn et al, 2014). Given this evidence, it seems beneficial to assess the long-term effects of exposure to video game violence, specifically on a neuropsychological level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Video Game Violence and Long-Term Neuropsychological Outcomes

Tamamiya¹,

Matsuda²,

Hiraki³

2014

PSYCH

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The current study examined the long-term effects of video game violence on aggressiveness and facial expression recognition using multiple measures. In Experiment 1, participants unfamiliar with video games were randomly assigned to play a violent or nonviolent video game for four weeks. Before and after the game play interval, event-related potentials (ERP) evoked by facial expressions were recorded, and aggressiveness was measured with a questionnaire. Results showed that playing a violent video game delayed peak latency of a positive component of the ERP evoked by angry faces and increased aggressiveness among male participants. Experiment 2 included a 3-month follow-up assessment. Results showed preservation of delayed neural activity, while levels of aggressiveness diminished to some extent. These findings highlight differential aspects regarding the long-term effects of playing a violent video game: more enduring for facial expression recognition and short-lived for aggressiveness.

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Video game training enhances cognitive control in older adults

Cited by 1,324 publications

References 41 publications

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

Learning to Integrate versus Inhibiting Information Is Modulated by Age

Relationship between Video Game Violence and Long-Term Neuropsychological Outcomes

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