Video and Vision

Abstract

In this article, we sketch the field of qualitative video-analysis and locate videography within this. Instead of presenting the methods of videography formally, we illustrate the application of this method in a particular field: Marian apparitions occurring in a German town in 1999, captured live on video. The presentation of the method in this paper follows a general methodological structure. (1) We first outline the ethnographic context of the setting in which the video-recordings were made. This context includes actors, religious associations, and locations as well as some aspects of the apparitional events' historical genesis. (2) We then turn to look at the performance of the Marian vision as recorded in the video. By applying sequential analysis, we roughly identify a temporal order to the event, which exhibits an interesting deviation from earlier forms of apparitions due to the way it takes a subjectively "spiritual" form. This finding leads us to finally (3) address the role of the subjective perspective that, as we argue, is a further essential dimension of videography. It is on this level that we are made aware of the relevance of the life-world as a methodological background for the kind of interpretive social science that takes the actor's perspective into account.

Ten tips for conducting focused ethnography in medical education research

“…Use a variety of methods for data collection FE is conducted over a short period and fieldwork is often conducted in intervals. The researcher will only be in the field for specific times to observe certain events [13] whereas in traditional ethnography fieldwork is ongoing and conducted over a long period. Building on your early engagement in the field (Tip 2), field visits will allow researchers to develop trustable relationships with their participants, which is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of interactions and meanings with the particular sub-culture.…”

“…Over the years, ethnography as a methodology has changed and, in response to the specific needs and contexts of different fields of research, contemporary forms of ethnographic practices, such as focused ethnography, have been developed [13]. Focused ethnography (FE) emerged within research contexts where long-term fieldwork is less often feasible.…”

A Novel Approach to Study Medical Decision Making in the Clinical Setting: The “Own‐point‐of‐view” Perspective

“…Moreover, targeted ethnography combined with video facilitates the identification of "certain elements of (partly embodied) knowledge relevant to the activity on which the study focuses," 31 which is particularly pertinent with respect to the intuitive cognitive processes used in decision making. Therefore, according to Unsworth, "focused ethnography is an ideal method to study clinical reasoning, given the emphasis on understanding what participants think that they are doing and why they are doing it."…”

“…31,32 This idea of ethnography, which developed particularly during the 1970s, is used to collect a large quantity of data within a limited time, when it is coupled with video, thus facilitating the observer's work.…”

Factors influencing orthopedic nurses’ pain management: A focused ethnography

“…34 Alterity preserves the etic perspective within the focused ethnography methodology, in which a common goal is to explore the emic perspective in very specific situations, activities, and actions. 33 Though a traditional ethnography typically involves long-term fieldwork coupled with extensive description and interpretation, many focused ethnographers choose a targeted data collection approach. 35 Several authors have completed focused ethnography studies using semistructured interviews as their sole source of data.…”