Victimization, Fear of Crime, and Trust in Criminal Justice Institutions: A Cross-National Analysis

Singer, Alexa J.; Chouhy, Cecilia; Lehmann, Peter; Walzak, Jessica; Gertz, Marc; Biglin, Sophia

doi:10.1177/0011128718787513

Cited by 52 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Similarly, we control for trust in the judicial system , that is, how much faith the respondent has that the judicial system would punish someone guilty of robbing or assaulting the respondent (1 = none , 4 = a lot ). We account for participants’ perceptions of crime victimization risk by controlling for whether respondents believe that they have trustworthy neighbors (1 = very untrustworthy , 4 = very trustworthy ) and the extent to which respondents perceive that they live in a safe neighborhood (1 = very unsafe , 4 = very safe ; see Singer et al, 2019). 5 Finally, to account for any between-country differences that might account for the observed effects, each of the regression models includes country fixed effects dummy variables with Brazil used as the reference group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-Group Animus and Punitiveness in Latin America

Lehmann

Chouhy

Singer

et al. 2019

Crime & Delinquency

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The social threat perspective anticipates that members of racial/ethnic out-groups might be perceived as socially, politically, or economically threatening; criminally inclined; and in need of social control via the criminal justice system. In light of this framework, the current study examines the influence of out-group animus on punitive sentiments in the rarely explored context of Latin America. Data from the 2012 AmericasBarometer survey collected in nine countries ( N = 15,145) are analyzed, and the findings indicate that animus against foreigners, Blacks, and the Indigenous is positively associated with support for punitive measures. These results lend support for the social threat perspective and provide further evidence that this relationship might be a cultural universal in societies characterized by racial/ethnic conflict.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-Group Animus and Punitiveness in Latin America

Lehmann

Chouhy

Singer

et al. 2019

Crime & Delinquency

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“…Passengers who had already been the victims of crime on public transport seek for social presence more often. According to previous research (Singer et al, 2018), it may be assumed that passengers with victimization experience tend to estimate the risk of becoming a victim of crime again as more likely, feel less secure, and ultimately are more dependent on coping strategies. The direct negative effect of interpersonal trust on social presence sought (H5) was not supported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since we expect people with a low level of interpersonal trust (Viklund, 2003) and those who have experienced victimization (Singer et al, 2018) on public transport to feel less secure, and therefore to be more dependent on coping strategies, we also hypothesize that these passengers seek more often for social presence.…”

Section: Research Question and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile communication, social presence, and perceived security on public transport

Reichow

Friemel

2019

Mobile Media & Communication

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Mobile phones have become a ubiquitous phenomenon on public transport. However, little attention has been given to the effect of mobile communication on perceived security on public transport. This paper develops a model of social presence and perceived security in order to understand the widespread use of mobile phones on public transport as well as its effects. The first part of the model suggests a mediating role of social presence to understand how perceived security motivates mobile communication. The respective hypotheses are tested with a representative survey ( N = 2,267), and the results support the mediating role of social presence. The second part of the model assumes that social presence is not only a motive to use mobile communication but also helps to improve perceived security. Based on a 2-week mobile experience sampling with 86 participants and 1,264 measurement points, the effect of mobile communication and social presence obtained, as well as individual and situational factors on perceived security were tested. The respective hypotheses were partially supported but also suggest that other coping strategies might be of relevance to fully understand the relationship between mobile communication and situational perceived security. Besides the academic insights, these results suggest that public transport operators should consider expanding mobile phone coverage in their vehicles and stations to improve perceived security and make their services more attractive.

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“…It can be argued that those who have been victims perceive higher chances of revictimization than those who have not directly faced a criminal act (Rühs et al., 2017). At the comparative perspective Singer, Cecilia, et al. (2019) show that while the direct effects of victimization are mixed across countries, FOC consistently mediates the effects of victimization on trust in criminal justice institutions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fear of crime examined through diversity of crime, social inequalities, and social capital: An empirical evaluation in Peru

Hernández

Dammert

Kanashiro

2020

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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Latin America is a violent region where fear of crime is well spread but still not fully understood. Using multilevel methods for a large and subnational representative household survey (N = 271,022), we assess the determinants of fear of crime in Peru, the country with the highest fear of crime and crime victimization in the region. Our results show that body-aimed victimization (physical or sexual abuse from a member of their household, and sexual offenses) is the strongest driver of fear of crime, even higher than armed victimization. Moreover, safety measures based on social capital are negatively related to fear of crime, suggesting that they are palliatives rather than real protections. Finally, our study shows that people in a higher socioeconomic status are more likely to fear more because they have more (resources) to lose. Policy implications address Latin America as a whole and punitive policies against crime are common in the region, while evidence-based decisions are scarce.

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Victimization, Fear of Crime, and Trust in Criminal Justice Institutions: A Cross-National Analysis

Cited by 52 publications

References 68 publications

Out-Group Animus and Punitiveness in Latin America

Out-Group Animus and Punitiveness in Latin America

Mobile communication, social presence, and perceived security on public transport

Fear of crime examined through diversity of crime, social inequalities, and social capital: An empirical evaluation in Peru

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