Vibriosis in cultured marine fishes: a review

Abstract

Vibriosis in cultured marine fishes: a review ABSTRCT For more than a century, vibriosis affects various species of economically important cultured marine fishes around the globe. The knowledge of this bacterial disease on many species of cultured fish is still lacking, but progressing. This review focuses on updated fundamental knowledge related to vibriosis including the history, taxonomy, and various epidemiological aspects such as socio-economy, clinical signs, pathological changes, diagnosis, pathogenesis, transmission, risk factors and control measures of vibriosis. This review revealed a rising prevalence of vibriosis in aquaculture, concomitant with the rapid development of this industry worldwide. Yet, information on Vibrio infection in cultured fish, particularly on the Vibrio of non-medical importance, the influence of their virulence toxins to host cells, effects of global warming and the socioeconomic impacts are still scarce, and need more profound studies. Moreover, comprehensive epidemiological information on vibriosis are quite limited in many Asian countries with tropical climate, limiting the progression in control and prevention aspects of the disease.

Prevalence, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio species isolated from diseased marine fish in South China

“…Therefore, the warming temperatures in semitropical/tropical South China should contribute to the extensive isolation of the Harveyi clade, particularly V. harveyi, from diseased marine fishes. V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus are also pathogenic to humans, causing serious diseases including seafood-borne gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia 6 . The Harveyi clade, particularly V. harveyi, is prevalent in marine fish farming in South China and has led to dramatic losses in the aquaculture industry.…”

“…We speculate that HGT plays an important role in the evolution and virulence development in Vibrio spp. Moreover, these virulence factors may be essential for virulence toward different hosts, because vibrios infect a wide range of aquatic hosts, including fish, shrimp, and mollusks 6,32,36 . The acquisition of atypical virulence genes may increase Vibrio virulence against a specific host, although establishing an obvious correlation between the pathogenicity and the number/kind of virulence genes in vibrios is difficult.…”

“…High-density farming, along with intense human activities and global climate change, has led to frequent vibriosis, antibiotic overuse, and antibiotic resistance in recent years 6,29 . To thoroughly deploy the "Green and Healthy Aquaculture" initiative launched in 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs decided to implement "Drug Reduction in Aquaculture" and "Ecological Health Breeding" initiatives for the development of aquaculture animal disease detection, pathogen resistance monitoring, determination of suitable local antimicrobial profiles for aquaculture, provision of guidance for scientific medication, and promotion of vaccine use for disease prevention.…”

What drives the virulence and antibiotic resistance changes of Vibrio harveyi in South China Sea?

“…Vibriosis has become one of the most serious bacterial diseases endangering sustainable aquaculture development [1,2]. In recent years, losses due to vibriosis among various species of marine fishes have been reported worldwide [3][4][5].…”

Three new O-isocrotonyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid congeners produced by a sea anemone-derived marine bacterium of the genus Vibrio

“…The genus Vibrio¸ within the class Gammaproteobacteria, are a group of Gramnegative, halophilic, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria, which are motile with sheathed polar flagella [1]. This group is one of the most widespread bacterial genera of marine origin, cataloging 128 species at the time of writing [2], of which more than 12 are known to cause enteritis, marine food poisoning, bacteremia, septicemia, cellulitis, or other infectious diseases in human and aquatic animals [3,4].…”