Vibrio Vulnificus Necrotizing Fasciitis Associated with Acupuncture

Kotton, Yael; Soboh, Soboh; Bisharat, Naiel

doi:10.4081/idr.2015.5901

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Necrotizing fasciitis (NF), a rare and life-threatening infection of deep soft tissues and fascia, is rarely reported as a consequence of needle electromyography [ 2 ]. Some other similar procedures, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some other similar procedures, e.g. acupuncture, have been previously reported as a cause of a deep soft tissue infection, such as necrotizing fasciitis [ 2 - 3 ]. Infectious organisms due to acupuncture needles have included Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this report, needles were reused for other patients. Although NF secondary to acupuncture with causative organisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis , gram negative rods, and Vibrio vulnificus, have been reported in the literature, in general, infectious complications of acupuncture are deemed extremely rare [ 2 ]. In the case reported herein, the use of disposable needles and 70% alcohol wipes was according to our hospital’s protocol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Life-threatening Complication of Intraoperative Electromyography

Shoakazemi¹,

Moisi²,

Tubbs³

et al. 2016

Cureus

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Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring is a commonly used practice during spine surgery. Complications of electromyography (EMG) needle electrode placement are very uncommon. We present a patient who was infected with necrotizing fasciitis in her left thigh due to an EMG needle electrode during a two-stage complex spine procedure. This case demonstrates that providers should continue to meticulously adhere to protocol when inserting and removing EMG needles, but also be cognizant during postoperative observation of the possibility of infection caused by EMG needles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Life-threatening Complication of Intraoperative Electromyography

Shoakazemi¹,

Moisi²,

Tubbs³

et al. 2016

Cureus

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“…9 Interestingly, one reported case of necrotizing fasciitis associated with V vulnificus infection was triggered by acupuncture. 16 The patient worked in a fish hatchery, where he was exposed to V vulnificus, and subsequent acupuncture led to the inoculation of bacteria into his bloodstream. This case raises the important point that we typically sequence the pathogenesis of V vulnificus infection as a patient having an open wound that is subsequently exposed to contaminated water; however, it also can follow the reverse sequence.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio vulnificus: Review of Mild to Life-threatening Skin Infections

Coerdt¹,

Khachemoune²

2021

Cutis

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Vibrio vulnificus is a motile, gram-negative, halophilic, aquatic bacterium that is part of the normal estuarine microbiome and typically is found in warm coastal waters. Infection with the pathogen typically is due to consumption of contaminated seafood or exposure to contaminated seawater. Vibrio vulnificus has a mortality rate of almost 33% in the United States and is responsible for more than 95% of seafood-related deaths in the United States. Vibrio vulnificus can cause a vast spectrum of diseases, such as gastroenteritis, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and sepsis. Gastroenteritis is self-limited, whereas septicemia often is fatal. Gastroenteritis and septicemia are caused by ingestion of contaminated shellfish, whereas wound infections and necrotizing fasciitis are caused by exposure to contaminated seawater or handling of contaminated seafood. Septicemia is the most common presentation of V vulnificus and accounts for the most fatalities from the bacteria. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are vital to prevent mortality. It is important to keep V vulnificus on the differential when a patient presents with bullae or cellulitis or has a history of raw seafood consumption or exposure to brackish water, as missing the diagnosis could lead to necrotizing fasciitis, sepsis, and death. Cutis. 2021;107:E12-E17. V ibrio vulnificus is a member of the Vibrio genus. Most Vibrio species are nonpathogenic in humans; however, V vulnificus is one of the pathogenic strains. 1 In Latin, the term vulnificus means "wounding," and V vulnificus can cause life-threatening infections in patients. The mortality rate of V vulnificus infections is approximately 33% in the United States. 2 Vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterium that was first isolated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1964 and was given its current name in 1979. 3-6 It has been found in numerous organisms, including oysters, crabs, clams, shrimp, mussels, mullets, and sea bass. 4 The vast majority of infections in the United States are due to oyster exposure and consumption. 2,7 Vibrio vulnificus is responsible for more than 95% of seafood-related deaths in the United States and has the highest mortality rate of all food-borne illness in the United States. 2,5 It also has the highest per-case economic impact of all food-related diseases in the United States. 1 What distinguishes a pathogenic vs nonpathogenic Vibrio isolate remains unknown; Vibrio species rapidly undergo horizontal gene transfer, making DNA isolation difficult. 1 Some characteristics of V vulnificus that may confer virulence are the capsular polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide, binding proteins, and tissue-degrading enzymes. 1,5 First, encapsulated strains are more virulent

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“…Symptoms of primary septicemia include fever, chills, nausea, and hypotension. Wound infection is generally acquired through the exposure of a preexisting wound to contaminated seawater or shellfish, resulting in fulminant necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections (Huang et al., ; Kotton, Soboh, & Bisharat, ). Previous reports indicated that V. vulnificus can only affect humans and other primates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio vulnificusin aquariums is a novel threat to marine mammals and public health

Zhang

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Vibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative, curved, obligate halophilic marine bacterium that exclusively exists in coastal seawaters. Previous studies revealed that V. vulnificus is one of the most dangerous foodborne zoonotic pathogens for human beings. However, it remains unknown whether marine mammals can be infected by V. vulnificus. In May 2016, a captive spotted seal (Phoca largha) died due to septicemia induced by V. vulnificus. Upon post-mortem examination, V. vulnificus was isolated, identified, and named as BJ-PH01. Further analysis showed that BJ-PH01 belongs to biotype 1 and the Clinical genotype. Furthermore, we performed an epidemiological investigation of V. vulnificus in six aquariums in northern China. As a result, V. vulnificus was successfully isolated from all investigated aquariums. The positive rates ranged from 20% to 100% in each investigated aquarium. During the investigation, 12 strains of V. vulnificus were isolated, and all 12 isolates were classified into biotype 1. Eleven of the 12 isolates belonged to the Clinical genotype, and one isolate belonged to the Environmental genotype. All 12 isolated V. vulnificus strains showed limited antibiotic resistance. Overall, our work demonstrated that V. vulnificus is frequently distributed in aquariums, thus constituting a threat to captive marine mammals and to public health.

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Vibrio Vulnificus Necrotizing Fasciitis Associated with Acupuncture

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Life-threatening Complication of Intraoperative Electromyography

Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Life-threatening Complication of Intraoperative Electromyography

Vibrio vulnificus: Review of Mild to Life-threatening Skin Infections

Vibrio vulnificusin aquariums is a novel threat to marine mammals and public health

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