Vibrio cholerae meningitis in a neonate

Rubin, Lorry G.; Altman, Joanne D.; Epple, Lawrence; Yolken, Robert H.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(81)80596-3

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…cholerae has, on occasion, been recovered from a number of extraintestinal sites in humans, including the ears (196), respiratory and biliary tracts (73,154), blood (134,162,175), cerebrospinal and peritoneal fluids (73,162), wounds (73,89), and a number of anatomical tissues including gall bladder and appendix (73). Patients colonized or infected at these sites differ in two major respects from individuals harboring V. cholerae in their gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Vibrio Disease Spectrum Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common extraintestinal infection produced by V. cholerae non-01 appears to be bacteremia sometimes accompanied by central nervous system involvement. Of six recent adult cases of V. cholerae non-01 bacteremia, all affected individuals suffered from major underlying diseases (17,38,39,134,162). In five of these six individuals, death was directly attributed to V. cholerae non-01, while in the sixth patient the role of V. cholerae non-01 was thought to be contributory to a fatal case of polymicrobic sepsis.…”

Section: Vibrio Disease Spectrum Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In five of these six individuals, death was directly attributed to V. cholerae non-01, while in the sixth patient the role of V. cholerae non-01 was thought to be contributory to a fatal case of polymicrobic sepsis. Septicemia due to V. cholerae non-01 has also been described in two newborns (134,162 (198). In the United States, V. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis has been recognized since the first reported cases in Maryland in 1971 due to improperly cooked crabs (133).…”

Section: Vibrio Disease Spectrum Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current perspectives on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of clinically significant Vibrio spp

et al. 1988

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Recent taxonomic advances have now implicated several different Vibrio species as human pathogens. While the most common clinical presentation of Vibrio infection continues to be gastroenteritis, an increasing number of extraintestinal infections are being reported, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Detection of Vibrio infections requires a good clinical history and the use of appropriate isolation and identification procedures by the laboratory to confirm illnesses attributed to Vibrio species. Except for Vibrio cholerae O1 and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, there is little direct evidence linking the production of a myriad of cell-associated or extracellular factors produced by each species with human disease and pathogenesis. Many questions regarding pathogenic Vibrio species remain unanswered, including their frequency and distribution in environmental specimens (water, shellfish), infective doses, virulence potential of individual isolates, and markers associated with such strains.

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Section: Vibrio Disease Spectrum Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vibrio Disease Spectrum Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vibrio Disease Spectrum Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current perspectives on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of clinically significant Vibrio spp

et al. 1988

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“…Unfortunately, further characterization of the organism could not be performed, because culture could neither be revived by the Colorado State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory nor the referency laboratory, which is proficient in V. cholerae procedures. Secondly, there is precedence of non-O1/O139 V. cholerae causing cerebral lesions in other species 4,6,8,9,13,14 and severe gastrointestinal disease in lambs, 15,16 as mentioned above. A compromised gastrointestinal mucosal barrier opens the possibility of subsequent septicemia.…”

Section: 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Vibrio Cholerae from the Brain of a Feedlot Heifer with Meningoencephalitis

et al. 2006

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Abstract. A 700-pound, 9-month-old Angus heifer from a feedlot presented with acute neurologic signs, characterized by circling, posterior weakness, and nonresponsiveness, followed by death. Histologically, the frontal lobe and the thalamus contained multiple foci of liquefaction that contained numerous degenerative neutrophils and foamy macrophages. Some of these foci were centered on blood vessels that contained fibrin thrombi and exhibited varying degrees of fibrinoid necrosis of the vessel wall. There was adjacent axonal degeneration and neuronal necrosis characterized by pronounced cytoplasmic eosinophilia, peripheralization of the nuclei, and loss of Nissl substance. Aerobic culture of the brain yielded moderate growth of Vibrio species, which was determined to be Vibrio cholerae by polymerase chain reaction analysis of a 438-base pair fragment of the 16 S ribosomal RNA gene. V. cholerae are motile, gram-negative, curved rod-shaped bacteria. Some strains of V. cholerae are important food-and water-borne bacterial pathogens that produce an often fatal diarrhea in humans. This is the first known case report of V. cholerae meningoencephalitis and cerebral abscessation in a bovine.

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“…Non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae septicemia is rare, particularly in the paediatric age group [1]. Eight cases of septicemia in children infected with this microorganism have been reported previously in the English-language literature [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], and three of them had meningitis as well [4,5,6] (1 had hydrocephalus, 1 had cerebral abscess-like lesions and 1 died). Reported here is an additional case of an infant who developed non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae septicemia with meningitis, cerebral abscess and unilateral hydrocephalus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae Septicemia with Meningitis, Cerebral Abscess and Unilateral Hydrocephalus in a Preterm Baby

Ismail

Shafik

Al-Mutairi

2001

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae infections present clinically mainly as gastroenteritis (67%), septicemia (15%) or wound infection (8%) [1]. Seafood consumption is very common in the week preceding the onset of symptoms [1], but nosocomial infection may also occur [2]. Non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae septicemia is rare, particularly in the paediatric age group [1]. Eight cases of septicemia in children infected with this microorganism have been reported previously in the English-language literature [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], and three of them had meningitis as well [4,5,6] (1 had hydrocephalus, 1 had cerebral abscess-like lesions and 1 died). Reported here is an additional case of an infant who developed non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae septicemia with meningitis, cerebral abscess and unilateral hydrocephalus.The infant, male patient was born at 33 weeks gestation to a primigravida after an uneventful pregnancy and delivery, with a birth weight of 2.2 kg. The baby fed well and was discharged at the age of 24 h. At 60 h of age he was admitted to hospital with a 24-h history of poor feeding and recurrent, brief episodes of central and peripheral cyanosis in the preceding 1 h. Vomiting and diarrhea were absent. His weight was 2.01 kg, head circumference 29.5 cm, length 42 cm (all <50 th percentile), heart rate 140/min, respiratory rate 40/min, and temperature 36.3°C. He was observed to be sucking poorly and was hypotonic. The anterior fontanel was normal, and the physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. Blood and urine cultures were collected before ampicillin and cefotaxime were given intravenously (each in a dose of 200 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses). Twelve hours later the patient had a generalized tonic-clonic convulsion. Intravenous phenobarbitone was instituted and a noncontrast cerebral computerized tomogram (CT) revealed a haematoma in the left frontal lobe with normalsized ventricles.Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed the following: total leukocyte count, 1,170/mm 3 (68% polymorphs, 32% lymphocytes); erythrocyte count, 12,150/mm 3 ; glucose level, 70 mg/dl (concomitant serum glucose, 106 mg/dl); protein level, 1,206 mg/dl. The latex agglutination test was negative for Escherichia coli, group B Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae. Other investigations revealed the following: a total leukocyte count of 3,000/mm 3 (neutrophils, 40%; lymphocytes, 27%; monocytes, 23%); hemoglobin, 17.7 gm/dl; platelets, 241,000/mm 3 ; erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 2 mm/h; C-reactive protein, 19.5 mg/l (normal range, <8 mg/l); and total serum bilirubin, 11.7 mg/dl (direct 1). Liver and renal biochemical profiles remained normal. Blood culture grew oxidase-positive, gram-negative rods, which were identified biochemically as Vibrio cholerae and serologically as non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae (Central Microbiology Laboratory, Kuwait Ministry of Health). The organism was sensitive to ampicillin, cefotaxime and most of the other major antibiotics. The CSF, stool and urine cultures revealed no...

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Vibrio cholerae meningitis in a neonate

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Current perspectives on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of clinically significant Vibrio spp

Current perspectives on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of clinically significant Vibrio spp

Isolation of Vibrio Cholerae from the Brain of a Feedlot Heifer with Meningoencephalitis

A Case of Non-O:1 Vibrio cholerae Septicemia with Meningitis, Cerebral Abscess and Unilateral Hydrocephalus in a Preterm Baby

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