Vibrio and Bacterial Communities Across a Pollution Gradient in the Bay of Bengal: Unraveling Their Biogeochemical Drivers

Abstract

The highly populated coasts of the Bay of Bengal are particularly vulnerable to water-borne diseases, pollution and climatic extremes. The environmental factors behind bacterial community composition and Vibrio distribution were investigated in an estuarine system of a cholera-endemic region in the coastline of Bangladesh. Higher temperatures and sewage pollution were important drivers of the abundance of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae. A closer relation between non-culturable Vibrio and particulate organic matter (POM) was inferred during the post-monsoon. The distribution of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Vibrio genus was likely driven by salinity and temperature. The resuspension of sediments increased Vibrio abundance and organic nutrient concentrations. The δ 13 C dynamic in POM followed an increasing gradient from freshwater to marine stations; nevertheless, it was not a marker of sewage pollution. Bacteroidales and culturable coliforms were reliable indicators of untreated wastewater during pre and post-monsoon seasons. The presumptive incorporation of depletedammonium derived from ammonification processes under the hypoxic conditions, by some microorganisms such as Cloacibacterium and particularly by Arcobacter nearby the sewage discharge, contributed to the drastic 15 N depletion in the POM. The likely capacity of extracellular polymeric substances production of these taxa may facilitate the colonization of POM from anthropogenic origin and may signify important properties for wastewater bioremediation. Genera of potential pathogens other than Vibrio associated with sewage pollution were Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Arcobacter, and Bergeyella.

Molecular Detection and Distribution of Six Medically Important Vibrio spp. in Selected Freshwater and Brackish Water Resources in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

“…in usual season because of pollution and contamination that is not season dependent. It has been earlier reported by Kopprio et al (2020) and Watkins and Cabelli (1985) that warmer temperatures and sewage pollution are reasons for the abundance of pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the aquatic milieu.…”

Vibrio Species in an Urban Tropical Estuary: Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Interaction with Environmental Parameters, and Possible Public Health Outcomes

“…The GB shares some characteristics with other impacted environments in the world, such as the Bay of Bengal, known to be vulnerable to water-borne diseases and pollution [ 21 ]. In 2018, local monitoring systems in Rio de Janeiro’s metropolitan area have reported more than 1200 hospitalizations and more than 30 deaths on account of water-borne illnesses [ 22 ].…”

Bacterial community composition of the sea grape Caulerpa lentillifera: a comparison between healthy and diseased states

“…The order Rhodobacterales and family Rhodobacteraceae dominated the bacterial communities of C. lentillifera in this particular case from the Vietnamese aquaculture. Bacteria within the order Rhodobacterales are generally surface colonizers and facilitate the settlement of microbial communities with the production of extracellular polymeric substances (Kopprio et al ., 2020). According to Simon et al .…”