Vibrio alginolyticus acute gastroenteritis: report of two cases

Uh, Young; Park, J.-S.; Hwang, Gyu Yul; Jang, In-Hwan; Yoon, Kyung Joong; Park, H.-C.; Hwang, Su-Jeong

doi:10.1046/j.1469-0691.2001.00207.x

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In addition to sea animals, V . alginolyticus also causes superficial wound infections and other intra-/extra-intestinal diseases in humans [ 31 , 32 ]. V .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A σE-Mediated Temperature Gauge Controls a Switch from LuxR-Mediated Virulence Gene Expression to Thermal Stress Adaptation in Vibrio alginolyticus

Guo

Yang

et al. 2016

PLoS Pathog

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In vibrios, the expression of virulence factors is often controlled by LuxR, the master quorum-sensing regulator. Here, we investigate the interplay between LuxR and σE, an alternative sigma factor, during the control of virulence-related gene expression and adaptations to temperature elevations in the zoonotic pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus. An rpoE null V. alginolyticus mutant was unable to adapt to various stresses and was survival-deficient in fish. In wild type V. alginolyticus, the expression of LuxR-regulated virulence factors increased as the temperature was increased from 22°C to 37°C, but mutants lacking σE did not respond to temperature, indicating that σE is critical for the temperature-dependent upregulation of virulence genes. Further analyses revealed that σE binds directly to -10 and -35 elements in the luxR promoter that drive its transcription. ChIP assays showed that σE binds to the promoter regions of luxR, rpoH and rpoE at high temperatures (e.g., 30°C and 37°C). However, at higher temperatures (42°C) that induce thermal stress, σE binding to the luxR promoter decreased, while its binding to the rpoH and rpoE promoters was unchanged. Thus, the temperature-dependent binding of σE to distinct promoters appears to underlie a σE-controlled switch between the expression of virulence genes and adaptation to thermal stress. This study illustrates how a conserved temperature response mechanism integrates into quorum-sensing circuits to regulate both virulence and stress adaptation.

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“…In addition to sea animals, V . alginolyticus also causes superficial wound infections and other intra-/extra-intestinal diseases in humans [ 31 , 32 ]. V .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A σE-Mediated Temperature Gauge Controls a Switch from LuxR-Mediated Virulence Gene Expression to Thermal Stress Adaptation in Vibrio alginolyticus

Guo

Yang

et al. 2016

PLoS Pathog

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“…V. metschnikovii can cause gastroenteritis and wound infections leading to septicemia, while V. fluvialis , Grimontia hollisae (formerly V. hollisae ), and V. furnissii typically cause gastroenteritis ( 12 , 13 ). V. alginolyticus is commonly associated with ear infections, but can also cause respiratory infections and bacteremia ( 14 , 15 ). Photobacterium damselae subsp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Diversity of Clinically Important Vibrio Species in the Aquatic Environment of Georgia

Kokashvili

Whitehouse

Tskhvediani

et al. 2015

Front. Public Health

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Among the more than 70 different Vibrio species inhabiting marine, estuarine, and freshwater ecosystems, 12 are recognized as human pathogens. The warm subtropical climate of the Black Sea coastal area and inland regions of Georgia likely provides a favorable environment for various Vibrio species. From 2006 to 2009, the abundance, ecology, and diversity of clinically important Vibrio species were studied in different locations in Georgia and across seasons. Over a 33-month period, 1,595 presumptive Vibrio isolates were collected from the Black Sea (n = 657) and freshwater lakes around Tbilisi (n = 938). Screening of a subset of 440 concentrated and enriched water samples by PCR-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (PCR-ESI/MS) detected the presence of DNA from eight clinically important Vibrio species: V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. mimicus, V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi, V. metschnikovii, and V. cincinnatiensis. Almost 90% of PCR/ESI-MS samples positive for Vibrio species were collected from June through November. Three important human-pathogenic Vibrio species (V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus) were detected in 62.8, 37.8, and 21.4% of samples testing positive for Vibrios, respectively. The results of these activities suggest that natural reservoirs for human-pathogenic Vibrios exist in Georgian aquatic environments. Water temperature at all sampling sites was positively correlated with the abundance of clinically important Vibrio spp. (except V. metschnikovii), and salinity was correlated with species composition at particular Black Sea sites as well as inland reservoirs.

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“…We describe the third case of NF due to V. alginolyticus. Other diseases associated with this species include otitis externa and conjuctivitis acquired by swimming in seawater (11,13), gastroenteritis (including chronic diarrhea in an immunocompromised patient) (3,20), intracranial infection following an injury in saltwater (15), and bacteremia (9). This microorganism is the most halophilic of the pathogenic Vibrio species, with nearly 70% of strains growing in the presence of NaCl at concentrations as high as 10% (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Necrotizing Fasciitis Due to Vibrio alginolyticus in an Immunocompetent Patient

et al. 2003

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We describe a patient with a history of asthma and remote use of steroids the development of necrotizing fascitis due to Vibrio alginolyticus after an injury from a coral reef during bathing in the Caribbean Sea off Colombia. The patient recovered with aggressive surgical debridement and antibiotics. CASE REPORTA 48-year-old female nurse suffered a blunt and penetrating trauma to the lower shin after contact with a coral reef while bathing in the Colombian coastal waters of the Caribbean Sea. A "V"-shaped wound was produced. The patient sought medical attention at the local hospital, where the wound was stitched and two doses of intramuscular clindamycin (600 mg) were prescribed, followed by three additional doses of oral dicloxacillin (500 mg). On evidence of increasing wound erythema, the patient was flown to a tertiary-care hospital, where she was examined in the emergency department. The patient's medical history included asthma diagnosed 27 years ago, for which she was taking inhaled albuterol (Salbutamol). She had received a 6-week tapering course of steroids 6 months before the current admission due to exacerbation of her asthma. On arrival, her temperature was 38°C, heart rate was 92 beats/min, respiratory rate was 16 breaths/min, and blood pressure was 120/70 mm Hg. Examination of the patient's left leg revealed a stitched "V"-shaped wound (3 by 2.5 cm) with mild cellulitis that extended from the wound toward the lateral region of the knee and with borders that were poorly defined. Moderate pain was present in cellulitic tissues, and no other wounds were present. The rest of the physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory testing performed at admission included a peripheral white blood cell count of 12.0 cells/l with 86% segmented neutrophils, 11% lymphocyes, and 2.4% monocytes. Creatinine, blood glucose, hemoglobin, plasma sodium, and plasma potassium levels were within normal limits. Ampicillin-sulbactam (3 g four times a day intravenously) was started, the wound was debrided and left open, and samples of wound discharge were taken in the emergency department. The patient was hospitalized.During the first 2 days of hospitalization, the patient underwent several wound debridements, and culture biopsy samples of the lesion were taken. On day 3 of hospitalization, wound cultures were found positive for a gram-negative, oxidase-positive organism. Initial identification with the VITEK automated system (Biomerieux) yielded Vibrio alginolyticus. The microorganism was grown on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar, and a string test was positive. The fermentative phenotype was confirmed by inoculation in triple sugar iron medium and on Kligler iron agar. Further identification was confirmed manually with the following biochemical tests: growth at high concentrations of NaCl (up to 8%); reactions to urea, indole, lysine, arginine, ornithine, glucose, sucrose, trehalose, arabinose, gelatin, and acetate; and the VogesProskauer test. The isolate was sent to the National Reference Laboratory, where ide...

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Vibrio alginolyticus acute gastroenteritis: report of two cases

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

A σE-Mediated Temperature Gauge Controls a Switch from LuxR-Mediated Virulence Gene Expression to Thermal Stress Adaptation in Vibrio alginolyticus

A σE-Mediated Temperature Gauge Controls a Switch from LuxR-Mediated Virulence Gene Expression to Thermal Stress Adaptation in Vibrio alginolyticus

Occurrence and Diversity of Clinically Important Vibrio Species in the Aquatic Environment of Georgia

Necrotizing Fasciitis Due to Vibrio alginolyticus in an Immunocompetent Patient

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