Vibrational properties of stannite and kesterite type compounds: Raman scattering analysis of Cu2(Fe,Zn)SnS4

Structural transitions of ordered kesterite-type Cu2ZnSnS4 under pressure

“…The latter is a well-established method for detecting the various types of structural disorder in this material. 14,[19][20][21][22] Even though we have not detected the proposed KS-to-ST transition, we have clearly identified a KS-to-DKS transition between 7 and 9 GPa, whereas another rocksalt-type (RS) structure was observed at about 15 GPa.…”

Phase-transition-driven growth of compound semiconductor crystals from ordered metastable nanorods

“…The published version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4133. 10 increase in disorder in the kesterite cation sublattice [44] as well as possible remnants of the wurtzite type structure. The latter matches with the observation of an additional diffraction signal in slowly heated films (Fig.…”

Multiwavelength excitation Raman scattering study of polycrystalline kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films

“…[5][6][7][8] Raman spectroscopy is one of the most powerful tools for determining the crystalline structure and quality of semiconductor thin films, since the shape and position of Raman peaks are strongly influenced by the presence of defects in the material, either in the form of structural inhomogeneities or secondary phases. [9][10][11][12] In order to achieve better device performance in solar cells based on CZTS absorbers and to improve the usage of Raman spectroscopy as a control method for assessment of crystalline quality and identification of secondary phases in these promising emerging compound semiconductors, it is necessary to obtain better knowledge of their vibrational properties. Theoretical calculations on band structure, optical properties, and intrinsic defects have recently been reported.…”

“…9,19,20 On the other hand, identification of secondary phases in CZTS in some cases cannot be done with the use of green excitation, but rather requires the use of different excitation wavelengths leading to near resonant excitation conditions for certain secondary phase compounds and they enable enhancement of their modes for more straightforward detection. 10 For example, ultraviolet (UV) excitation allows very sensitive detection of ZnS, which is the most expected secondary phase in Zn rich and Cu poor device grade CZTS layers.…”

“…In addition, Table I also contains theoretical calculations 17,18 and previously reported experimental data. 9,19,20 The symmetry assignment of Raman modes was done by comparing the experimentally obtained frequencies with the reported references as well as with polarization measurements done for these samples. Inset in Figure 1 shows the Raman spectra measured with 325 nm excitation wavelength in the CZTS sample and in a reference ZnS sample, in the 500-1150 cm ?1 spectral range.…”