Vibration-based monitoring of civil infrastructure: challenges and successes

Brownjohn, James; Stefano, Alessandro De; Xu, You Lin; Wenzel, Helmut; Aktan, A. Emin

doi:10.1007/s13349-011-0009-5

Cited by 254 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Research has focused mostly on vibration-based St-Id, i.e. the evaluation of dynamic properties collected from forced or ambient vibrations using a priori PB models [6]. In vibrationbased St-Id, changes in structural performance are identified by relating changes in stiffness to variations in vibration characteristics such as modal frequencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SHM of bridges: characterising thermal response and detecting anomaly events using a temperature-based measurement interpretation approach

Kromanis

Kripakaran

2016

J Civil Struct Health Monit

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Abstract:A major bottleneck preventing widespread use of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems for bridges is the difficulty in making sense of the collected data. Characterising environmental effects in measured bridge behaviour, and in particular the influence of temperature variations, remains a significant challenge. This paper proposes a novel data-driven approach referred to as Temperature-Based Measurement Interpretation (TB-MI) approach to solve this challenge. The approach is composed of two key steps -(i) characterisation of thermal effects in bridges using a methodology referred to as Regression-Based Thermal Response Prediction (RBTRP) methodology, and (ii) detection of anomaly events by analysing differences between measured and predicted structural behaviour. Measurements from a laboratory truss structure that is setup to simulate a range of structural scenarios are employed to evaluate the performance of the TB-MI approach. The study examines how the predictive capability of the RBTRP methodology is influenced by dimensionality reduction and measurement down-sampling, which are common pre-processing techniques used to deal with high spatial and temporal density in measurements. It also proposes a novel anomaly detection technique referred to as signal subtraction method that detects anomaly events from timeseries of prediction errors, which are computed as the difference between in-situ measurements and predictions obtained using the RBTRP methodology. Results demonstrate that the TB-MI approach has potential for integration within data interpretation frameworks of SHM systems of full-scale bridges. Keywords: structural health monitoring; thermal effects; data-driven methods; anomaly detection; measurement interpretation. Rolands AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to express their gratitude to Bill Harvey Associates and Pembrokshire County Council for providing access to the measurements of the Cleddau Bridge, and to Elena Barton (National Physical Laboratory) for providing the data from the National Physical Laboratory Footbridge project.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SHM of bridges: characterising thermal response and detecting anomaly events using a temperature-based measurement interpretation approach

Kromanis

Kripakaran

2016

J Civil Struct Health Monit

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“…These present significant challenges to the structure systems, which are used to serve for years and endure risk of failure (Frangopol et al 2015). The structural failures such as overload, jamming and parts damage will result in serious losses of properties, ecocatastrophes and even deaths (Brownjohn et al 2011). All these are difficult to be identified by periodical inspections or routine safety operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Motion Monitoring Using 9-Axis Sensing Modules with Wireless Communication Capability

Hou¹

2016

IJARA

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Dynamic motion monitoring is useful for many applications such as modal testing, mechanical design, vibration control, structural coupling and theoretical model modifications. New sensing systems and sensing techniques for both translational and rotational motion are always in great need. This paper present two compact and portable motion sensing systems to monitor the dynamic behavior of complicated structures. Each system consists of a 9-axis sensing module and a control computer.As the sensing modules implement signal filtering, analogue to digital conversion and motion analysis on chip, no additional signal amplifiers are necessary. The modules get their power supply from the USB (Universal Serial Bus) port of the computer without involvement of extra power unit. The same cable for the sensor power supply serves to transfer the measured data from the module to the computer thus no oscilloscope is needed. The elimination of sensor power unit, amplifiers and oscilloscope greatly simplifies the measurement system and makes on-site motion monitoring much more convenient, especially when the accessible space is limited. The inertial loading and local stiffening effects introduced by conventional sensors are also reduced. In addition, for cases where the cable connection between the module and the computer is difficult or even impossible, wireless transmission modules can be incorporated into the system to form a wireless measurement system. Through experiments, it is found that the wireless data maintain their quality even after passing through a few concrete walls when wireless transmission distance is more than 60 meters. activity by its nature (Kongsberg Maritime 2016). In order to undertake tasks such as wave height monitoring or using cranes during rough weather, roll, pitch, yaw motion needs to be measured. Traditional sensors like Motion Reference Units (MRUs) though can provide accurate measurement; they are complex, expensive and big in size. New sensors or sensing systems with high reliability and low cost are in great demand for large-scale industrial deployment.Traditional IMUs like Honeywell and Sagem are used in many applications for navigation, control and human environment interaction (Yuan et al. 2014, Ren et al. 2014. With AHRS (attitude and heading reference system), it is possible to get similar performance in a smaller package which can caters for more applications, such as antenna and camera stabilization, small unmanned vehicles and even hand-held applications.In this paper, structural motion measurement systems based on 9-Axis MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Sensor) sensing modules are developed. Attitude sensing modules JY-901 and GY953 are used in monitoring the translational acceleration and rotational motion of structures. Wireless transmission modules may be incorporated into the measurement system when the cable connection between the module and the computer is difficult or even impossible. The measured motion data give us insight into how the structures work and provide usefu...

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“…In particular, changes in dynamic response parameters, e.g. modal properties such as natural frequencies, have been regarded by many researchers as a possible indicator of structural 'damage' (Brownjohn et al, 2011). SHM systems may also be used to validate design assumptions, for example regarding thermal and vehicular loads.…”

Section: Introduction: Variations In Bridge Loading and Dynamic Respomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vehicular loading on suspension bridge dynamic properties

Westgate

Koo

2014

Structure and Infrastructure Engineering

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Effect of vehicular loading on suspension bridge dynamic propertiesSince the 1970s many researchers have attempted to use changes in natural frequencies as means for condition assessment of large civil engineering structures such as bridges, but have faced the challenge of decoupling frequency variations apparently caused by changing operational conditions. In the case of the Tamar Bridge in southwest England, time series of natural frequencies exhibit diurnal variations resulting from a combination of thermal and vehicular loading, whose effects would need to be compensated for in dynamics-based assessment.By examination of several years of monitoring data, the effects of traffic mass have been characterised and compared with other operational effects. While temperature changes appear to have a greater influence for lateral modes, traffic mass is a strong factor in all modes and the dominant factor for the vertical and torsional modes evaluated.Physics-based explanations for the variable effects of vehicle mass have been sought using a finite element model calibrated against experimental data. As a caution for performance prediction in structural dynamics, while acceptable reconciliation of natural frequencies from FE model and measurements was achievable, reconciling simulated effects of changing mass with observed behaviour has not been straightforward due to the complexity of the retrofitted suspension bridge structure studied.Keywords: bridges, long-span; bridges, suspension; cables; damage assessment; finite element method; roads & highways; structural dynamics; structural engineering; suspended structures; traffic engineering. Introduction: variations in bridge loading and dynamic response characteristicsStructural Health Monitoring (SHM) implementations on civil infrastructure (Brownjohn, 2007) have many purposes that include the tracking of time varying loads and responses in order to identify, characterise and diagnose anomalous performance. In particular, changes in dynamic response parameters, e.g. modal properties such as natural frequencies, have been regarded by many researchers as a possible indicator of structural 'damage' (Brownjohn et al., 2011). SHM systems may also be used to validate design assumptions, for example regarding thermal and vehicular loads. Hence there are strong motives for studying time series of structural loads (wind, vehicles and temperature) and dynamic response parameters and their relationships.For long span bridges in particular wind-structure interaction can result in modification of modal parameters and lead to catastrophic instability due to the phenomenon of aero-elasticity (Wyatt, 1992). Such effects can be observed not only in wind tunnel testing but also at full scale, using SHM systems (Diana at al., 1992) and there is a large body of research on the topic.Rather fewer studies have examined the link between thermal loads (diurnal and seasonal temperature variations) and dynamic properties, which are reviewed by Xia, Chen, Weng, Ni and Xu (2012). Of these only a...

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Vibration-based monitoring of civil infrastructure: challenges and successes

Cited by 254 publications

References 64 publications

SHM of bridges: characterising thermal response and detecting anomaly events using a temperature-based measurement interpretation approach

SHM of bridges: characterising thermal response and detecting anomaly events using a temperature-based measurement interpretation approach

Structural Motion Monitoring Using 9-Axis Sensing Modules with Wireless Communication Capability

Effect of vehicular loading on suspension bridge dynamic properties

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