Viability of permanent PMMA spacer with combined free fasciocutaneous tissue transfer for failed charcot reconstruction: A 38 month prospective case report
Abstract:HighlightsThis case report demonstrates the long term viability and utility of the use of permanent cement spacers when combined with free tissue transfer for closure of complex diabetic foot wounds.Charcot Neuroarthropathy often requires osseous reconstruction, which can be complicated with osteomyelitis and hardware infection.This case is an example of a multidisciplinary team approach to limb salvage with successful long term outcome; a plantigrade stable functional foot in an ambulatory highly active patie… Show more
“…Although antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the gold standard biomaterial against osteomyelitism, 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 it bears serious shortcomings including limited and irregular antibiotic release, incompatibility with many types of antibiotics, demand a second surgery to remove and lack of bone regeneration or conduction. 8 , 9 Thus, design and construction of alternative, biodegradable materials to deliver antibiotics locally and promote osteogenesis have been given high priority.…”
Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU has been proved to be a novel scaffold material to treat bone defect caused by chronic osteomyelitis. We have previously identified that this material can effectively treat chronic osteomyelitis caused by
Staphylococcus aureus
in vivo
. However, the potential mechanisms of antibacterial and osteogenic induction properties remain unclear. Thus, for osteogenesis property, immunohistochemistry, PCR, and Western blot were performed to detect the expression of osteogenic markers. Furthermore, flow cytometry and TUNEL were applied to analyze MC3T3-E1 proliferation and apoptosis. For antibacterial property, the material was co-cultivated with bacteria, bacterial colony forming units was counted and the release time of the effective levofloxacin was assayed by agar disc-diffusion test. Moreover, scanning electron microscope was applied to observe adhesion of bacteria. In terms of osteogenic induction, we found BMSCs adherently grew more prominently on Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU. Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU also enhanced the expression of osteogenic markers including OCN and COL1α1, as well as effectively promoted the transition from G1 phase to G2 phase. Furthermore, Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU could reduce apoptosis of MC3T3-E1. Besides, both Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU and n-HA/PU materials could inhibit bacterial colonies, while Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU possessed a stronger antibacterial activities, and lower bacterial adhesion than n-HA/PU. These results illustrated that Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU composite scaffold possess favorable compatibility
in vitro
, which induce osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, promote proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1, and inhibit apoptosis. Moreover, clear
in vitro
antibacterial effect of Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU was also observed. In summary, this study replenishes the potential of Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU composite scaffold possess dual functions of anti-infection and enhanced osteogenesis for future clinical application.
“…Although antibiotic-loaded polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the gold standard biomaterial against osteomyelitism, 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 it bears serious shortcomings including limited and irregular antibiotic release, incompatibility with many types of antibiotics, demand a second surgery to remove and lack of bone regeneration or conduction. 8 , 9 Thus, design and construction of alternative, biodegradable materials to deliver antibiotics locally and promote osteogenesis have been given high priority.…”
Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU has been proved to be a novel scaffold material to treat bone defect caused by chronic osteomyelitis. We have previously identified that this material can effectively treat chronic osteomyelitis caused by
Staphylococcus aureus
in vivo
. However, the potential mechanisms of antibacterial and osteogenic induction properties remain unclear. Thus, for osteogenesis property, immunohistochemistry, PCR, and Western blot were performed to detect the expression of osteogenic markers. Furthermore, flow cytometry and TUNEL were applied to analyze MC3T3-E1 proliferation and apoptosis. For antibacterial property, the material was co-cultivated with bacteria, bacterial colony forming units was counted and the release time of the effective levofloxacin was assayed by agar disc-diffusion test. Moreover, scanning electron microscope was applied to observe adhesion of bacteria. In terms of osteogenic induction, we found BMSCs adherently grew more prominently on Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU. Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU also enhanced the expression of osteogenic markers including OCN and COL1α1, as well as effectively promoted the transition from G1 phase to G2 phase. Furthermore, Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU could reduce apoptosis of MC3T3-E1. Besides, both Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU and n-HA/PU materials could inhibit bacterial colonies, while Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU possessed a stronger antibacterial activities, and lower bacterial adhesion than n-HA/PU. These results illustrated that Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU composite scaffold possess favorable compatibility
in vitro
, which induce osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, promote proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1, and inhibit apoptosis. Moreover, clear
in vitro
antibacterial effect of Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU was also observed. In summary, this study replenishes the potential of Lev/MSNs/n-HA/PU composite scaffold possess dual functions of anti-infection and enhanced osteogenesis for future clinical application.
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