Viability of aquatic hyphomycete conidia in foam

Sridhar, Kandikere R.; Bärlocher, Feli×

doi:10.1139/b94-015

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…On direct staining of spores in fish feces, the cells of some spores were unstained (e.g., Anguillospora longissima, Helicomyces roseus, and Triscelophorus acuminatus), indicating their death. Similar observation in the viability of spores in stream foam samples was reported by Sridhar and Bärlocher (1994) using tetrazolium bromide. If the spores in gut or feces are partially viable, the fitness of single-celled and multicelled spores of aquatic hyphomycetes may vary.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Do the tropical freshwater fishes feed on aquatic fungi?

Sridhar

Sudheep

2011

Front. Agric. China

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Consumption and processing of allochthonous plant litter by fishes is more common in tropical than temperate streams and rivers. Therefore, aquatic hyphomycetes in water (filtration), leaf litter (bubble chamber incubation), and fecal pellets (direct observation and inoculation to sterile leaf litter) of three dominant fishes belonging to the family Cyprinidae (Aplocheilus lineatus, Puntius filamentosus, and Rasbora daniconius) in two locations of the River Kali of the Western Ghats, India, were evaluated during postmonsoon season. Spores of 14 and 9 species of aquatic hyphomycetes were recovered on filtering water samples of Kaiga stream and Kadra dam with equal number of spores (32 spores$100 mL -1 ) and high Shannon diversity in Kaiga stream. In a bubble chamber incubation of leaf litter, 16 and 9 species were recovered from Kaiga stream and Kadra dam with high spore output (1122 versus 324 spores per mg dry mass) and high Shannon diversity in Kaiga stream. Both direct and indirect methods of examination of fecal pellets of fishes revealed more species in Kaiga stream than Kadra dam (4-7 versus 1-4 species). The spore release in leaf litter incubated with fecal pellets ranged from 2.3 to 98 spores$mg -1 $d -1 with the highest Aplocheilus lineatus in Kaiga stream; while in Kadra dam, it was from 0.02 to 22.9 spores$mg -1 $d -1 with the highest in Puntius filamentosus. The Shannon diversity of aquatic hyphomycetes was high in fecal pellets of Aplocheilus lineatus of Kaiga stream and Rasbora daniconius of Kadra dam. The top-ranked five species of aquatic hyphomycetes differed in water, leaf litter, and fish fecal pellets; however, Triscelophorus konajensis was common for all. All five top-ranked species of aquatic hyphomycetes in feces produced multicelled spores; thus, they were likely to have a better chance of viability through gut passage than single-celled spores. Preferential feeding, fungi in gut and feces, and survival and dissemination of spores by invertebrates and fishes with reference to aquatic hyphomycetes were discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Do the tropical freshwater fishes feed on aquatic fungi?

Sridhar

Sudheep

2011

Front. Agric. China

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“…Conidia are relatively fragile and quickly lose their ability to germinate, even under benign conditions (Sridhar and B€ arlocher, 1994). Because the circulation of spores in the hyporheic zone is affected by multiple challenges associated with this sedimentary habitat (i.e., physical and physiological filtering), they are unlikely to survive long distance dispersal, in particular within the sedimentary matrix where complex water movement and fluid distribution patterns occur.…”

Section: Groundwater and Hyporheic Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the water column: aquatic hyphomycetes outside their preferred habitat

et al. 2016

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b s t r a c tAquatic hyphomycetes have adapted to running waters by their uncommon conidial shape, which facilitates dispersal as well as adherence to plant substrata. However, they have been early and regularly reported to occur in a variety of environments other than their preferred habitat (e.g., in lentic freshwaters, brackish and marine environments, in terrestrial niches such as stream banks, dew, canopy waters and tree holes). In addition, several aquatic hyphomycetes have adapted to a mutualistic lifestyle which may involve plant defence, as endophytes in leaves, gymnosperm needles, orchids and terrestrial roots.There are several lines of evidence suggesting that aquatic hyphomycetes survive under terrestrial conditions due to their sexual states. Although exhibiting higher diversity in pristine streams, aquatic hyphomycetes can survive environmental stress, e.g., pollution or river intermittency. They also inhabit ground and hyporheic waters, where they appear to be subjected to both physical and physiological selection. Appropriate methods including molecular ones should provide a more comprehensive view of the occurrence and ecological roles of aquatic hyphomycetes outside their preferred habitat.

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“…Conidia are relatively fragile and quickly lose their ability to germinate, even under benign conditions (Sridhar and Bärlocher 1994). They are therefore unlikely to be involved in long-distance dispersal.…”

Section: The Boom-bust Cycle Of Aquatic Hyphomycetesmentioning

confidence: 99%