Viability assays of intra-erythrocytic organisms using fluorescent dyes

Changes in Total and Individual Crocetin Esters upon in Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion of Saffron Aqueous Extracts

“…35 EtBr cannot cross the cell membrane when the cells are alive, but it can penetrate the damaged membranes of dead cells and binds itself to DNA or RNA and fluoresces red. 36 Cells remained viable following exposure to saffron extract up to a concentration of 50 μg/mL (Figure 2A) and to gardenia extract up to a concentration of 200 μg/mL (Figure 2B). These were the concentrations of the extracts used in the comet assay.…”

“…FDA is converted to the fluorescent compound, fluorescein, by a cytosolic esterase present only in living cells . EtBr cannot cross the cell membrane when the cells are alive, but it can penetrate the damaged membranes of dead cells and binds itself to DNA or RNA and fluoresces red . Cells remained viable following exposure to saffron extract up to a concentration of 50 μg/mL (Figure A) and to gardenia extract up to a concentration of 200 μg/mL (Figure B).…”

Synergistic effect of sonication and high osmotic pressure enhances membrane damage and viability loss of Salmonella in orange juice

“…Because DAPI will pass through an intact cell membrane and bind with DNA to give a fluorescent blue colour, it has been used extensively in fluorescence microscopy to stain both live and fixed cells. Unlike DAPI, PI has no ability to cross intact membranes and will bind with the DNA of only those cells with compromised membranes, yielding a glowing red colour (Caro et al, 1999;Fletcher et al, 2009;García et al, 2007;Williams et al, 1998) Fig. 2.…”

Vaccines against bovine babesiosis: where we are now and possible roads ahead

“…Other available quantitative techniques to monitor growth and/or viability of Babesia spp. include measurements of [ 3 H] hypoxanthine or [ 3 H] thymidine incorporation into DNA, detection of fluorescent nuclear and/or vital dyes by epifluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry, and quantitative PCR (Goff and Yunker, 1986; Wyatt et al 1991; Davis et al 1992; Brasseur et al 1998; Jackson et al 2001; Buling et al 2007; Criado-Fornelio et al 2009; Fletcher et al 2009; Müller and Hemphill, 2013). Quantification of parasite-specific mRNA levels by qRT-PCR, or by reporter gene expression in transgenic parasites has also been used for growth/vitality measurements in other apicomplexan organisms (Müller and Hemphill, 2013).…”

“…During their growth, Babesia parasites consume haemoglobin-bound oxygen leading to colour changes in the medium from brilliant red to almost black (Zweygarth et al 1995;Schuster, 2002). Spectrophotometric measurement of these changes has been described by Malandrin et al (2004) (Goff and Yunker, 1986;Wyatt et al 1991;Davis et al 1992;Brasseur et al 1998;Jackson et al 2001;Buling et al 2007;Criado-Fornelio et al 2009;Fletcher et al 2009;Müller and Hemphill, 2013). Quantification of parasite-specific mRNA levels by qRT-PCR, or by reporter gene expression in transgenic parasites has also been used for growth/vitality measurements in other apicomplexan organisms (Müller and Hemphill, 2013).…”