Viabilidade econômica de aquisição de um silo-secador para pequenas áreas de produção

Abstract

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de simulação econômica, a viabilidade de aquisição de um silo-secador, para pequenas propriedades rurais, tendo como referências as opções de terceirizar o processo de secagem/armazenagem ou a comercialização do milho úmido. Em virtude da alta diversificação encontrada nas pequenas propriedades rurais, a simulação foi realizada considerando-se diferentes tamanhos de áreas exploradas com milho (10; 20; 30 e 40 ha), níveis de produtividade (3.900; 4.500 e 5.100 kg ha-1) e preços por saca de milho (R$ 13,03; R$ 19,69 e R$ 34,29), no Estado de São Paulo. Comparando as rentabilidades obtidas, notou-se a superioridade da receita líquida na aquisição do silo secador nas áreas de produção de 20 ha com produtividade de 4.500 e 5.100 kg ha-1, 30 ha e 40 ha nos vários níveis de produtividade (3.900; 4.500 e 5.100 kg ha-1) sempre que o preço de mercado da saca de milho cobriu os custos anuais do sistema. A terceirização da secagem/armazenagem apresentou-se como a melhor alternativa nas áreas de 10 ha (todas as produtividades) e 20 ha (produtividade de 3.900 kg ha-1). A comercialização do produto úmido nunca se constituiu na opção mais rentável.

A decision support system for cost determination in grain storage facility operations

“…Soybean showed the lowest cost, because there was no incidence of pests in this product, with no cost to purge and spraying. By making the composition of the cost of storage and drying of corn, for a period of twelve fortnights, we obtained a cost of R$ 22.44 per ton, lower than the cost obtained by JASPER et al (2006) in a dryer silo. Figure 2 shows the receiving and dispatch costs depending on the turnover rate of the storage unit.…”

“…This is due to a reduced dilution of fixed costs when you have a lower volume of product stored throughout the year, that is, a low occupancy rate. The reduction of storage costs and economic viability by increasing the amount of product stored was also reported by JASPER et al (2006). Because fixed cost is independent of the amount of product stored, the greater the residence time of the product in the storage facility, the greater the number of fortnights, consequently reducing the fortnight cost per ton of product stored.…”

“…They concluded that the cost of drying in rotary dryers outweighed the costs of commercial dryers. JASPER et al (2006), in an analysis of the cost of storage and drying corn in a dryer silo, obtained values ranging from R$ 23.67 to R$ 48.83 per ton, considering a storage period of twelve fortnights. The highest value was observed in the dryer silo with lowest static capacity, which made the venture economically unfeasible for the study.…”

Economic analysis of low-temperature grain drying

“…Seven grain types (peanut, rice, coffee, bean, corn, soybean and wheat) were considered during simulations, since these crops play an important role as Brazilian commodities and are widely used both for internal consumption and exportation (Conab, 2018). Furthermore, three dryer volumes (10.6 m 3 , 134.7 m 3 and 392.7 m 3 ) were simulated, representing the most common low-temperature drying systems built in Brazil (Jasper, 2006;Polidryer, 2018). Additionally, two furnace fuels (wood and grain residues) were used, totaling 42 simulation scenarios which were analyzed separately and compared among themselves afterwards (Fig.…”

“…But they considered products, dryers and bulk volumes in isolation. Jasper et al (2006) simulated the economic feasibility of investing in small in-bin dryers, considering the State of São Paulo (Brazil) and the storage of maize, concluding that this is a profitable option, provided that the selling price of maize is greater than the annual costs of the system. Valente et al (2011) developed a decision support system to determine the costs and rates of unit operations regarding reception, cleaning, drying, storage and dispatch of grains in storage facilities.…”