VI. Cassius und der zweite Germanenkrieg

Divine Representation in Documentary Style: Gods on the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius

“… 85 Eight of the reliefs were re-used on the Arch of Constantine; three were found built into a church of Santa Martina and are now in the Conservatori Museum in Rome: Ryberg 1967: 1–8. Key studies: Petersen 1889; Wegner 1938; Kähler 1939; Hamberg 1945: 78–99; Ryberg 1967; Blanck 1969; Angelicoussis 1984; Koeppel 1986: 47–75; La Rocca 1986: 38–52; Demandt 2019: 253–9; Hölscher 2019: 287–93. The themes, format and number of the reliefs suggest they originally decorated a single structure, usually proposed to be an arch: Blanck 1969: 487–8; Angelicoussis 1984: 159–74; Koeppel 1986: 10; Hölscher 2019: 287–93.…”

“…Virtus: Frothingham 1915: 8; Hannestad 1986: 232–3; Boschung 2012: 310. Roma: Wegner 1938: 180; Kähler 1939: 266; Hamberg 1945: 80–1; Ryberg 1967: 66–70; Koeppel 1986: 72 (Virtus-Roma); Hölscher 2018: 79; Demandt 2019: 257; Hölscher 2019: 292. The posture of the figure indicates that she is Virtus.…”