Veterinary antibiotic oxytetracycline’s effect on the soil microbial community

Abstract

Background: Antibiotics are widely used to treat animals from infections. After fertilizing, antibacterials can remain in the soil while adversely affecting the soil microorganisms. The concentration of oxytetracycline (OTC) in the soil and its effect on the soil microbial community was assessed. To assess the impact of OTC on the soil microbial community, it was added to the soil at concentrations of 50, 150, and 300 mg kg-1 and incubated for 35 days. Results: The concentration of OTC added to the soil decreased from 150 to 7.6 mg kg-1 during 30 days of incubation, as revealed by LC-MS. The deviations from the control values in the level of substrate-induced respiration on the 5th day of the experiment were, on average, 26, 68, and 90%, with OTC concentrations at 50, 150, and 300 mg kg-1 , respectively. In samples with 150 and 300 mg kg-1 of OTC, the number of bacteria from the 3rd to 14th day was 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than in the control. The addition of OTC did not affect the fungal counts in samples except on the 7th and 14th days for the 150 and 300 mg kg-1 contaminated samples. Genes tet(M) and tet(X) were found in samples containing 50, 150, and 300 mg kg-1 OTC, with no significant differences in the number of copies of tet(M) and tet(X) genes from the OTC concentration. Conclusions: Our results showed that even after a decrease in antibiotic availability, its influence on the soil microbial community remains.

Effect of Oxytetracycline and Chlortetracycline on Bacterial Community Growth in Agricultural Soils

“…The persistence (in the case of OTC), or semi-persistence (in the case of CTC) of toxicity over time may be attributed to the slow degradation suffered by these antibiotics in soils [30][31][32], especially at high antibiotic concentrations [30,33]. In addition, Danilova et al [34] showed that the effects of OTC on the microbial community remain longer than the presence of antibiotics in soils. However, bacterial growth recovered over time in the presence of CTC, which may be attributed to ageing processes [35] or a bacterial community tolerance to antibiotics [36][37][38], but, further analysis is needed to clarify these possible mechanisms.…”

Favolus rugulosus en Colombia: producción de micelio y basidiomas en diferentes condiciones nutricionales

“…Algunos aspectos de la composición química del medio de cultivo, como la concentración de nitrógeno, generan un medio de control fisiológico y de regulación del metabolismo de los microorganismos (Thomas et al, 1996). Por otro lado, la oxitetraciclina (OTC), componente básico del agar OGYE, es un antibiótico ampliamente utilizado en la cría de animales, que trae como consecuencia la contaminación de agua, sedimentos, suelo, generando efectos negativos sobre la comunidad microbiana del suelo (Danilova et al, 2020). Migliore et al (2012) demostró por medio de análisis de espectrometría de masas que Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.)…”

The Potential of Wood Vinegar to Replace Antimicrobials Used in Animal Husbandry—A Review

“…Therefore, environmental contamination by antimicrobials and their residues interferes with the ecological functions of natural microbial populations [5,41]. Antimicrobial molecules can remain in soil and water for long periods, significantly modifying the dynamics of microbial populations, affecting their ability to metabolize carbon, limiting their enzymatic activity, and altering the relative abundance of microorganisms [36,42].…”

“…One study demonstrated that when the pollutant charge was not replaced, the concentration of antimicrobials in the soil decreased from 150 to 7.6 mg/kg after 30 days. However, despite this decrease, persistent antimicrobials still negatively influence soil microbial communities [41]. Furthermore, other studies have revealed that azithromycin and ciprofloxacin, for instance, degrade very slowly in the environment and can remain in the soil for 408 to 990 and 1155 to 3466 days, respectively [47].…”