Vestibular Rehabilitatiоn in Vestibular Migraine

Abstract

The search for possible ways to minimize dizziness in patients with vestibular migraine is especially relevant in the aspect of individualized complex vestibular rehabilitation. Aim. To study the possibilities of complex individualized vestibular rehabilitation in patients with vestibular migraine. Material and methods. The study included 122 patients (40 men and 82 women) aged 18 to 50 years, with significant vestibular migraine. We used the Dizziness Handicap Inventory scale for assessing dizziness and a 5-point Scale for subjective assessment of the severity of dizziness and a special complex method including a set of vestibular exercises, a method of the computer stabilometry with biofeedback. Objective control of vestibular rehabilitation was carried out with the help of stabilometric testing. Results and discussion. Positive dynamics were observed when analyzing the data of the physical, functional and emotional subscales of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory and the Scale of Subjective Assessment of the Dizziness Severity. In addition, the presented stabilometric diagnostics made it possible to fix the difference between the initial condition of patients with vestibular dysfunction and after 3 months of the special vestibular rehabilitation.Тhere was a statistically significant decrease in the basic stabilometric parameters: the area of the statokinesiogram (median area, mm² – 254 (95% CI 222-285)) and the rate of deviation of the center of pressure (median speed, mm/s – 21 (95% CI 17-24)) as well as a decrease in the shifts of the spectrum energy in the low-frequency and high-frequency spectrum that indicates an improvement in stability. The presented method for influencing the compensatorycapabilities of regulatory mechanisms in patients with vestibular migraine positively affects the efficiency of the equilibrium system as a whole, optimizing postural stability in this category of patients. Conclusion. An individually selected comprehensive program of vestibular gymnastics and hardware rehabilitation techniques on the stabilographic platform with biofeedback helps to improve postural stability and minimize dizziness in patients with vestibular migraine.