Vestibular Neurolabyrinthitis

Magliulo, Giuseppe; Gagliardi, Silvia; Appiani, Mario Ciniglio; Iannella, Giannicola; Re, Massimo

doi:10.1177/0003489414522974

Cited by 52 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Vestibular neuritis of the IVN has not been as well characterized as VN of the SVN, but it is generally agreed that the SVN is much more frequently affected than the IVN. The frequency of VN reported in the available literature ranges from 40 to 48% of all cases affecting only the SVN (11-13), 34 to 56% of cases affecting both the SVN and IVN (11)(12)(13), and 1.3 to 18% of cases affecting only the IVN (11)(12)(13)(14). Possible explanations proposed previously are the longer and narrower bony canal, through which the SVN passes (15), and the double supply of the IVN in two separate bony canals (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Differential Involvement during Latent Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection of the Superior and Inferior Divisions of the Vestibular Ganglia: Implications for Vestibular Neuritis

Himmelein

Lindemann

Sinicina

et al. 2017

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Controversy still surrounds both the etiology and pathophysiology of vestibular neuritis (VN). Especially uncertain is why the superior vestibular nerve (SVN) is more frequently affected than the inferior vestibular nerve (IVN), which is partially or totally spared. To address this question, we developed an improved method for preparing human vestibular ganglia (VG) and nerve. Subsequently, macro-and microanatomical as well as PCR studies were performed on 38 human ganglia from 38 individuals. The SVN was 2.4 mm longer than the IVN, and in 65% of the cases, the IVN ran in two separate bony canals, which was not the case for the SVN. Anastomoses between the facial and cochlear nerves were more common for the SVN (14/38 and 9/38, respectively) than for the IVN (7/38 and 2/38, respectively). Using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we found only a few latently herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-infected VG (18.4%). In cases of two separate neuronal fields, infected neurons were located in the superior part only. In summary, these PCR and micro-and macroanatomical studies provide possible explanations for the high frequency of SVN infection in vestibular neuritis.IMPORTANCE Vestibular neuritis is known to affect the superior part of the vestibular nerve more frequently than the inferior part. The reason for this clinical phenomenon remains unclear. Anatomical differences may play a role, or if latent HSV-1 infection is assumed, the etiology may be due to the different distribution of the infection. To shed further light on this subject, we conducted different macro-and microanatomical studies. We also assessed the presence of HSV-1 in VG and in different sections of the VG. Our findings add new information on the macro-and microanatomy of the VG as well as the pathophysiology of vestibular neuritis. We also show that latent HSV-1 infection of VG neurons is less frequent than previously reported.KEYWORDS HSV-1 latency, human, vestibular ganglia, vestibular neuritis V estibular neuritis (VN) is a common cause of an "acute unilateral vestibulopathy." The main clinical symptoms of VN are acute onset of prolonged severe spinning vertigo with spontaneous horizontal torsional nystagmus toward the unaffected ear, postural imbalance, and nausea (1). Its annual incidence is reported to be 3.5 to 15.5 per population of 100,000 (2, 3). It is the third most common cause of peripheral vestibular

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Differential Involvement during Latent Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection of the Superior and Inferior Divisions of the Vestibular Ganglia: Implications for Vestibular Neuritis

Himmelein

Lindemann

Sinicina

et al. 2017

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Measurement of head impulses now makes it possible to test all three semicircular canals individually, especially since the introduction of the video head impulse test [47]. This has shown that in most cases of VN, afferents from both vestibular nerve portions are affected, or those from the superior nerve alone are affected [48,49]. Rarely, VN involves only the inferior nerve division, as shown by isolated posterior canal deficits [48,50,49].…”

Section: Vestibular Neuritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent prospective study found that 55% of cases were combined superior and inferior VN, while 40% were superior VN (as defined by pathological oVEMPs, anterior canal and/or horizontal canal vHIT), and 5% were inferior VN (as defined by pathological cVEMPs and/or posterior canal vHIT) [49]. The deficits were often patchy, suggesting that the disease can be restricted to isolated parts of the inner ear.…”

Section: Vestibular Neuritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magluilo et al found that pathological oVEMPs in VN, suggesting utricular involvement, indicated a less favourable outcome with patients experiencing persisting vestibular symptoms at 3-month follow-up [49]. Similarly, Adamec et al evaluated the recovery of patients after VN with VEMPs [57].…”

Section: Vestibular Neuritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 49] • This large study tested all three semicircular canals and both otoliths using vHIT and VEMPs. They confirmed the finding that VN more often affects the superior nerve or whole nerve rather than the inferior nerve, and showed that the deficits are often only patchy.…”

Section: References Of Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clinical Utility of Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials (oVEMPs)

Weber

Rosengren

2015

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Galvanic vestibular‐evoked myogenic potentials in evaluating damaged sites of vestibular neuritis

Chang

Young

et al. 2022

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To test the possibility of pure otolithic organ deficits and validate the histopathological evidence of retrovestibular neural impairment in vestibular neuritis (VN), the authors adopted a topographic survey combining cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) using various stimulation modes and caloric tests.Methods: Forty patients with VN were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent pure tone audiometry, acoustic cVEMP, galvanic cVEMP, vibratory oVEMP, galvanic oVEMP, and caloric tests. Different combinations of vestibular tests were further compared and analyzed.Results: According to vestibular test results in affected VN ears, the proportion (10%) of pure saccular dysfunction was significantly less than that (52.5%) of saccular nerve deficit. The proportion (2.5%) of pure utricular dysfunction was significantly less than that (37.5%) of utricular nerve deficit. The percentage (82.5%) of VN involving the ampullar vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) pathway was significantly higher than that (40%) involving the utriculo-ocular reflex (UOR) pathway. The superior, inferior, and total VN percentages were 37.5%, 17.5%, and 45%, respectively. The proportion of inferior VN was significantly less than that of VN involving the superior vestibular nerve.Conclusion: There were significantly fewer cases of pure otolithic organ dysfunction than vestibular nerve involvement in VN patients. The damage to the ampullar VOR pathway was more significant than that to the UOR pathway, and both pathways might be independent of each other. In addition, the incidence of isolated inferior VN was significantly less than that of VN involving the superior vestibular nerve.

show abstract

Vestibular Neurolabyrinthitis

Cited by 52 publications

References 37 publications

Differential Involvement during Latent Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection of the Superior and Inferior Divisions of the Vestibular Ganglia: Implications for Vestibular Neuritis

Differential Involvement during Latent Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection of the Superior and Inferior Divisions of the Vestibular Ganglia: Implications for Vestibular Neuritis

Clinical Utility of Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials (oVEMPs)

Galvanic vestibular‐evoked myogenic potentials in evaluating damaged sites of vestibular neuritis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About