Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Scale-like Leaves of Zingiberaceae

Stasz, T. E.; Sakai, William S.

doi:10.2307/3793236

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In our report, we used the occurrence of arbuscules as the only positive indication, by definition, of the establishment of an AM symbiosis, though other authors attributed AM status to species showing only hyphae and/or vesicles in their roots (Stenlund and Charvat 1994;Miller et al 1999). The absence of arbuscules and appressoria, and the occurrence of hyphae and/or vesicles in the roots of nonhost plants, in dead roots, pieces of organic matter, and organs other than roots have been considered by some authors as an indication of the ability of passive colonisation by AM fungi (Park and Linderman 1980;Malajczuk et al 1981;Stasz and Sakai 1984;Giovannetti and Lioi 1990;Giovannetti et al 1994;Giovannetti and Sbrana 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

et al. 2003

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We analysed the mycorrhizal types of two coastal Mediterranean plant communities. Plants belonging to 82 species of 46 families growing in two Mediterranean study sites located within a Regional Natural Park in Italy (Macchia Lucchese) and in a National Park in Croatia (Brijuni) were assessed for the type of their mycorrhizal associations. Mycorrhizas occurred in 83% and 90% of the plant species surveyed in Macchia Lucchese and in Brijuni, respectively. On the basis of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, six different mycorrhizal types were found, and their co-occurrence in the same plant community showed the large mycorrhizal diversity in Mediterranean vegetation. Different occurrence patterns of mycorrhizal types have been recognised in diverse habitats within Macchia Lucchese, from sand dune plant communities to sclerophyllous woodland. Mycorrhizal type abundance calculated on a floristic basis was very different from that obtained using a vegetation cover index.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

et al. 2003

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“…Endophytic activity by Glomeromycotan fungi (which is often referred to as saprophytic growth) is relatively common in various plant organs (e.g. Stasz and Sakai 1984;Warner 1984;Smith et al 1998;Brundrett 2006;Zhang and Guo 2007). Humans like to have clearly defined boundaries between alternatives we consider important (i.e.…”

Section: Glomeromycotan Fungus Colonisation (Gfc) In Predominantly Nmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants: understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis

2009

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A comprehensive appraisal of the mycorrhizal literature provides data for 336 plant families representing 99% of flowering plants, with regard to mycorrhizas and other nutritional adaptations. In total, arbuscular (AM), orchid, ectomycorrhizas (EM) and ericoid mycorrhizas and nonmycorrhizal (NM) roots occur in 74%, 9%, 2%, 1% and 6% of Angiosperm species respectively. Many families of NM plants have alternative nutritional strategies such as parasitism, carnivory, or cluster roots. The remaining angiosperms (8%) belong to families reported to have both AM and NM species. These are designated as NM-AM families here and tend to occur in habitats considered non-conducive to mycorrhizal fungi, such as epiphytic, aquatic, extremely cold, dry, disturbed, or saline habitats. Estimated numbers of species in each category of mycorrhizas is presented with lists of NM and EM families. Evolutionary trends are also summarised by providing data on all clades and orders of flowering and non-flowering vascular plants on a global scale. A case study of Western Australian plants revealed that plants with specialised nutritional modes such as carnivory, cluster roots, or EM were much more diverse in this ancient landscape with infertile soils than elsewhere. Detailed information on the mycorrhizal diversity of plants presented here is linked to a website (mycorrhizas.info) to allow data to remain current. Over a century of research effort has resulted in data on mycorrhizal associations of >10,000 plant species that are of great value, but also somewhat of a liability due to conflicting information about some families and genera. It is likely that these conflicts result in part from misdiagnosis of mycorrhizal associations resulting from a lack of standardisation in criteria used to define them. Families that contain both NM and AM species provide a second major source of inconsistency, but even when these are excluded there is a ∼10% apparent error rate in published lists of mycorrhizal plants. Arbuscules are linked to AM misdiagnosis since they are used less often than vesicles to recognise AM associations in roots and apparently occur sporadically in NM plants. Key issues with the diagnosis of mycorrhizal plants are discussed using the Cyperaceae as a case study. Detailed protocols designed to consistently distinguish AM from endophytic Glomeromycotan Fungus Colonisation (GFC) are provided. This review aims to stimulate debate and provide advice to researchers delving into root biology.

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“…The absence of arbuscules and appressoria, reported both in natural and experimental conditions, does not allow speculation on the possible occurrence of a functional symbiosis in these plants: it shows only a passive colonization of the outer epidermal cells (Hall & Finch, 1974;Hirrel et al, 1978;Park & Linderman, 1980;Malajczuk et al. 1981;Stasz & Sakai, 1984;Giovannetti & Lioi, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early processes involved in host recognition by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

1994

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SUMMARYPlant species that are hosts of non-arbuscular mycorrhizas were utilized to investigate the early processes involved in host recognition by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The roots of plant hosts of ecto-, arbutoid and ericoid mycorrhizas, as well as those of non-inycorrhiza! species, did not elicit the differential morphogenesis that occurred in the hyphae of Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe when challenged with the roots of its hosts. In the absence of this morphogenetic response, infection structures were not fortned, any further step in the recognition process was hindered, and defence reactions did not occur. The ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to discriminate their specific hosts from all other piant species through a recognition process is probably determined by chemical signals.

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Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Scale-like Leaves of Zingiberaceae

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

Mycorrhizal associations and other means of nutrition of vascular plants: understanding the global diversity of host plants by resolving conflicting information and developing reliable means of diagnosis

Early processes involved in host recognition by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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