Vesicoureteral Reflux and Distal Ureteral Obstruction

Combination of vesicoureteric reflux and vesicoureteric junction obstruction

“…Such publications dealing with this question appeared only in the 1970s. Weiss and Lytton described the association of VUJO and reflux in 17 out of 120 children with VUR [1]. Similarly, Kesavan and Fowler [2] and Whitaker and Flower [3] observed the same combination of VUR and VUJO in eight and six children, respectively.…”

“…The authors were able to find only few clinical studies dealing with this infrequent entity from the 1970s [1][2][3][4]. At first sight, this combination seems to be paradoxical since the VUR is usually associated with a pathologically wide ureteral orifice and a deficient intramural segment.…”

Urolithiasis secondary to primary obstructive megaureter in an adult: a case report

“…A suspicion of POM after IVP or CT urography indicates that the following minimum investigations be conducted: (1) voiding cystourethrogram to rule out VUR and bladder outlet obstruction [11, 12]; and (2) urethrocystoscopy coupled with ureteroscopy to eliminate secondary causes of ureter obstruction [7]. …”

Concomitant Endoureterotomy and Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Subureteral Injection for Management of Obstructive Refluxing Megaureter

“…1 The exact etiology of PORM is not fully understood. The obstruction at the distal part of the ureter is thought to be a functional obstruction arising from an immotile juxtavesical segment rather than a true narrowing.…”

“…1 PORM is characterized by a dysgenetic distal ureter and intrinsic congenital obstruction of the lower 1 to 2 cm of the ureter at the ureterovesical junction obstruction. Obstruction is usually from an aperistaltic juxtavesical segment that prevents the free outflow of urine.…”