Vesicobullous disorders of female genitalia

Garg, Taru; Mittal, Saurabh

doi:10.4103/0253-7184.93786

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The consequences of both missed MMP diagnoses (i.e., withholding of immunosuppressive therapy) and incorrect MMP diagnoses (i.e., administration of inappropriate topical therapy or unnecessary adjuvant regimens) are far-reaching. The scar-prone nature of vulvar MMP can lead to labial fusion and introital shrinkage, along with further sexual and urinary problems [ 8 ]. Furthermore, the aggressive nature of MMP limits treatment options in advanced stages, as the condition is chronic and progressive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Underrecognized Histologic Clue to the Diagnosis of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Case Report and Review of Diagnostic Guidelines

et al. 2023

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Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), also known as cicatricial pemphigoid (CP), is a heterogeneous group of subepidermal blistering diseases that affect the mucous membranes, most frequently in the eye and oral cavity. MMP is often unrecognized or misdiagnosed in its early stages due to its rarity and nonspecific presentation. We present the case of a 69-year-old female in which MMP of the vulva was not initially suspected. The first biopsy, from lesional tissue for routine histology, revealed fibrosis, late-stage granulation tissue, and nonspecific findings. A second biopsy, from perilesional tissue for direct immunofluorescence (DIF), revealed DIF findings typical of MMP. Scrutiny of both the first and second biopsies revealed a subtle but telling histologic feature: subepithelial clefts along adnexae in the context of a scarring process with neutrophils and eosinophils, which can be an important clue to MMP. This histologic clue has been previously described; reinforcing its importance may prove useful for future cases, especially those for which DIF is not feasible. Our case demonstrates the protean presentations of MMP, the need for persistence in sampling unusual cases, and the relevance of inconspicuous histologic features. The report highlights this underrecognized yet potentially decisive histologic clue to MMP, reviews current biopsy guidelines when MMP is suspected, and delineates the clinical and morphological features of vulvar MMP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal of MMP treatment is to reduce inflammation and prevent progression of scarring processes [ 9 ]. Early intervention with oral and topical corticosteroids can stop blister formation, promote healing, and prevent scarring [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Underrecognized Histologic Clue to the Diagnosis of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Case Report and Review of Diagnostic Guidelines

et al. 2023

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“…[ 12 ] Agents usually responsible for irritant dermatitis include cleansing agents, depilatory creams, disinfectants, sanitary napkins, latex condoms, perfumed products, deodorants, and medicaments. [ 22 ] It usually occurs because of an impairment of the barrier function which may occur due to dampness and maceration secondary to a heavy vaginal discharge or increased contact with urine in an incontinent patient. [ 23 24 ] ICD occurs more frequently than allergic contact dermatitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of vulvar dermatoses: A hospital-based study

Mundhe

Jadhav

Deo

et al. 2022

Indian J Sex Transm Dis

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Background: The overall prevalence of vulvar diseases in the literature is low because of underreporting and is often neglected; thus, its impact on a female's life is often underestimated. Objectives: This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of vulvar diseases and their associated risk factors in patients attending a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and case–controlled study wherein all female patients attending the dermatology outpatient department (OPD) were screened for the signs and symptoms of vulvar dermatoses and were enrolled after obtaining informed consent and institutional ethics committee approval for 21 months. Out of them, 200 patients who consented and had signs and symptoms of vulvar diseases were selected as cases, and the same number of age-matched females were enrolled as controls with no signs and symptoms of vulvar dermatoses. Results: During the study period, 9431 females attended the dermatology OPD, of which the prevalence was 2.12% (200 patients). The most common infection was genital infection without sexually transmitted infection (57%) (tinea cruris [33.5%]), followed by inflammatory dermatoses (21%) (lichen sclerosus et atrophicus [6%]). The most common risk factor found statistically significant ( P ≤ 0.005) were homemakers (49%) and the use of undergarments of mixed fabric (70.68%), followed by nonmenopausal females (63.15%). Conclusion: Our study findings indicated that the prevalence was low, which reflects the tip of an iceberg. Further clinical and population-based studies, a multidisciplinary approach including gynecological consult for diagnostic and therapeutic approach is needed for the optimal management of vulvar diseases.

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“…It is characterised by the loss of cellular adhesion in the outer layer of skin and mucosa. This is caused by the development of IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein 1 and/or 3 1. Varying frequencies of genital involvement in pemphigus vulgaris have been reported 2.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%