Verzug von Stählen infolge Wärmebehandlung

Berns, MW

doi:10.1002/mawe.19770080504

Cited by 21 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…A main problem is the distortion of the products. Other problems are the high residual tensile stresses and an uneven distribution of the hardness on the surface [1]. For reducing the residual stresses of the products a following temper process is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Stress and Distortion for Shafts and Discs by Controlled Quenching in a Field of Nozzles

Brzoza

Specht

Ohland

et al. 2006

Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech.

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A coupled gas-dynamical and thermo-mechanical model for simulation of the gas flow, gas and specimen temperature, phase, stress, strain, and displacement transient-fields during quenching of cutting discs and shafts of steel is introduced. The material properties (e. g. density, conductivity, heat capacity, hardness) are obtained by homogenization procedures. The material behaviour is described as an extension of the classical J 2 -plasticity theory with the extension of temperature and phase fraction dependent yield criteria. The coupling effects such as dissipation, phase transformation enthalpy, and transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) are considered. Simulations were carried out for cutting discs of knives, and for shafts made of steel SAE 52100 with varying diameter. For the validation of the simulations, these work pieces were heated in a roller hearth kiln up to 850 C, and than quenched in a field of nozzles in which the heat transfer coefficient was known and could be locally adjusted by the volume flow of each nozzle. The phase fractions, surface hardness, distortion, and residual stresses were measured. The simulated and measured results fit quite well. According to optimization-simulations the shafts were quenched with a certain heat transfer coefficient distribution. The bigger diameter parts of the shaft were more intensively quenched by an increased gas flow so that the hardness profiles were equalized and the residual stresses at the edges were significantly reduced.Keywords

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Stress and Distortion for Shafts and Discs by Controlled Quenching in a Field of Nozzles

Brzoza

Specht

Ohland

et al. 2006

Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech.

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Methodical investigation of distortion biasing parameters during case hardening of spur wheels

Steinbacher

Surm

Clausen

et al. 2012

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Highly stressed gears are typically heat treated to satisfy operational demands. Case hardening is a common heat treatment associated with power train components. In the heat treatment process complex distortion processes take place, which were studied in these examinations. Object of the actual investigations were spur wheels with module 2.557 and 42 teeth on the wheel with a helix angel of 23 8. The case hardening was realized utilizing low pressure carburisation with subsequent high pressure gas quenching in a heat treatment furnace of industrial proportion. The systematic analysis was guided using design of experiment methods. In strategic focus were the three contributing heat treatment steps of heating, carburisation and quenching. Heating related factors were the batch design, the heat transfer and the preheating temperature. During carburisation the temperature, carburisation depth and surface carbon content as well as the atmosphere during diffusion were altered. Finally the quenching related variation was the hardening temperature. The identified main factors on size as well as shape changes of the base body and the toothing will be presented and discussed.Keywords: Case hardening / gear wheels / heat treatment / heating / carburising / quenching / SAE5120 (EN20MnCr5) / Chargenaufbau, der Wärmeübergangsmechanismus sowie die Temperatur der ersten Haltestufe für den Temperaturausgleich in der Charge. Die in der Aufkohlung variierten Größen sind die Aufkohlungstiefe und der Randkohlenstoffgehalt, sowie die Atmosphäre während der Diffusionsund Haltephasen. In Bezug auf die Abschreckung wurde der Einfluss der Härtetemperatur auf den Verzug der Zahnräder betrachtet. Durch eine 3-D-Koordinatenmessung des Grundkörpers und der Verzahnung vor und nach der Wärmebehandlung konnte eine ¾nderung der Maß-und Formabweichungen durch die Wärme-behandlung abgeleitet werden. Diese ¾nderungen wurden hinsichtlich der einzelnen beschriebenen Parameter und deren Variationen mittels der Auswertung des DoE-Plans analysiert, um die signifikanten Einflussgrößen auf den Verzug zu identifizieren. Im Folgenden werden die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen dargestellt und diskutiert.

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Grundlagen der Wärmebehandlung

Tinscher,

Zoch

2015

Handbuch Wärmebehandeln Und Beschichten

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Verzug von Stählen infolge Wärmebehandlung

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Minimizing Stress and Distortion for Shafts and Discs by Controlled Quenching in a Field of Nozzles

Minimizing Stress and Distortion for Shafts and Discs by Controlled Quenching in a Field of Nozzles

Methodical investigation of distortion biasing parameters during case hardening of spur wheels

Grundlagen der Wärmebehandlung

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