Very Low Seroprevalence of HTLV‐I/II in Cuba: Antibodies in Blood Donors and in Hematological and Nonhematological Patients

Ramírez, Porfirio Hernández; Jiménez, Rivero; Santovenia, M. Ballester; Leyva, Leonor Navea; Matutes, E.; Catovsky, Daniel; Yamaguchi, Kazunari; Fukuyoshi, Yoko; Nishimura, Yoko; Kiyokawa, Tetsuyuki; Takatsuki, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1111/j.1423-0410.1991.tb00960.x

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Confirmatory assays revealed 5 and 8 indeterminate samples, respectively, when WB-1 and WB-2 were used, the remaining samples being negative. We conclude that none of the 2,579 blood donors in Cuba demonstrated confirmed HTL V-1 seropositivity, thus supporting the data reported by Ramirez et al (1991). Both @dings indicate that the population of Cuba, like that of central Japan, has little or no seroprevalence for HTLV-I, in suite of being in an endemic region.…”

Section: Htlv-i Seroprevalence In Blood Donors In Cubasupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Since Cuba is located in the endemic Caribbean area, it was logical to suggest that the level of HTLV-I infection there would be approximately the same. The results of Ramirez et al (1991) were quite unexpected: no seropositive individuals were found among 1,600 blood donors tested. To clarijj this situation, an independent sero-epidemiological investigation was cam'ed out.…”

Section: Htlv-i Seroprevalence In Blood Donors In Cubamentioning

confidence: 94%

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HTLV‐I seroprevalence in blood donors in Cuba

Rasulee¹,

Riverlend²,

Shih³

et al. 1993

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Section: Htlv-i Seroprevalence In Blood Donors In Cubasupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Htlv-i Seroprevalence In Blood Donors In Cubamentioning

confidence: 94%

HTLV‐I seroprevalence in blood donors in Cuba

Rasulee¹,

Riverlend²,

Shih³

et al. 1993

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…In contrast, the studies performed in Cuba indicated that HTLV-1 seroprevalence is very low in this island (Hernandez Ramirez et al, 1991; Silva Cabrera et al, 1997) with also only very few ATL or TSP/HAM cases reported (Estrada et al, 1995). This is very probably linked, partly, to the different ethnic background of the islands with relatively few persons of African ancestry in Cuba as compared to Jamaica, Haiti, or the French West Indies.…”

Section: Htlv-1 Worldwide Distribution and Prevalence Estimates By Gementioning

confidence: 90%

Epidemiological Aspects and World Distribution of HTLV-1 Infection

Gessain¹,

Cassar²

2012

Front. Microbio.

1,138

1,152

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The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), identified as the first human oncogenic retrovirus 30 years ago, is not an ubiquitous virus. HTLV-1 is present throughout the world, with clusters of high endemicity located often nearby areas where the virus is nearly absent. The main HTLV-1 highly endemic regions are the Southwestern part of Japan, sub-Saharan Africa and South America, the Caribbean area, and foci in Middle East and Australo-Melanesia. The origin of this puzzling geographical or rather ethnic repartition is probably linked to a founder effect in some groups with the persistence of a high viral transmission rate. Despite different socio-economic and cultural environments, the HTLV-1 prevalence increases gradually with age, especially among women in all highly endemic areas. The three modes of HTLV-1 transmission are mother to child, sexual transmission, and transmission with contaminated blood products. Twenty years ago, de Thé and Bomford estimated the total number of HTLV-1 carriers to be 10–20 millions people. At that time, large regions had not been investigated, few population-based studies were available and the assays used for HTLV-1 serology were not enough specific. Despite the fact that there is still a lot of data lacking in large areas of the world and that most of the HTLV-1 studies concern only blood donors, pregnant women, or different selected patients or high-risk groups, we shall try based on the most recent data, to revisit the world distribution and the estimates of the number of HTLV-1 infected persons. Our best estimates range from 5–10 millions HTLV-1 infected individuals. However, these results were based on only approximately 1.5 billion of individuals originating from known HTLV-1 endemic areas with reliable available epidemiological data. Correct estimates in other highly populated regions, such as China, India, the Maghreb, and East Africa, is currently not possible, thus, the current number of HTLV-1 carriers is very probably much higher.

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“…ln the Americas, highly endemic areas include the Caribbean islands of Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique and Trinidad (Schaffar-Deshayes et al, 1984;Clark et al, 1985a;Miler et al, 1986;Gibbs et al, 1987;Riedel et al, 1989;Fréry et al, 1991;Maloney et al, 1991;Ramirez et al, 1991;Allain et al, 1992;Manns et al, 1992;Miller et al, 1994) and limited areas of South America such as Tumaco in CoIombia (Trujilo et al, 1992) and the Noir-Marron territory in 276 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 67…”

Section: And Northernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

1991

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Very Low Seroprevalence of HTLV‐I/II in Cuba: Antibodies in Blood Donors and in Hematological and Nonhematological Patients

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

HTLV‐I seroprevalence in blood donors in Cuba

HTLV‐I seroprevalence in blood donors in Cuba

Epidemiological Aspects and World Distribution of HTLV-1 Infection

Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

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