Very Low Birth Weight and Behavioral Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Young Adulthood: The Helsinki Study of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Adults

Strang‐Karlsson, Sonja; Räikkönen, Katri; Pesonen, Anu‐Katriina; Kajantie, Eero; Paavonen, E. Juulia; Lahti, Jari; Hovi, Petteri; Heinonen, Kati; Järvenpää, Anna‐Liisa; Eriksson, Johan G.; Andersson, Sture

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08010085

Cited by 133 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…27 Prematurity on the other hand is associated with personality profiles in adulthood characterized by over-controlling or inhibited tendencies, such as cautiousness, dutifulness, and fewer risk-taking or fun-seeking behaviors. 18,26,[28][29][30] Adolescents who have over-controlling tendencies have fewer intimate relationships, 31 and individuals who have inhibited tendencies have lower likelihood of having a stable romantic partner in young adulthood and get involved with such relationships later than control subjects. 32,33 Although we observed that preterm-born individuals were less likely to engage in romantic relations in young adulthood, they had similar likelihood of moving out of their childhood home as their term-born peers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent Living and Romantic Relations Among Young Adults Born Preterm

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND: Young adults born preterm at very low birth weight start families later. Whether less severe immaturity affects adult social outcomes is poorly known. METHODS: The study “Preterm birth and early life programming of adult health and disease” (ESTER, 2009–2011) identified adults born early preterm (<34 weeks’ gestation, N = 149), late preterm (≥34 to <37 weeks’ gestation, N = 248), and at term (≥37 weeks’ gestation, N = 356) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 and the Finnish Medical Birth Register (1987–1989), with perinatal data, medical and family history, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle from routine visits or questionnaires. Cox, logistic, and ordinal regressions estimated the hazard and odds ratios (HR and OR) with 95% confidence intervals of outcomes related to preterm birth. RESULTS: Compared with term-born subjects, those born early and late preterm were less likely to have cohabited with a romantic partner (HR, 0.79; [0.61–1.03] and HR, 0.80; [0.65–0.99], respectively) or experienced sexual intercourse (HR, 0.83; [0.66–1.05] and HR, 0.76; [0.63–0.92], respectively) by young adulthood. They also had higher odds of obtaining a 1-point lower score in a visual analog scale of self-perceived sexual attractiveness (OR, 1.45; [1.09–1.98] and OR, 1.44; [1.06–1.97] for early and late preterm birth, respectively). No difference was observed in the likelihood of departing from childhood home and number of individuals having their own families. CONCLUSIONS: Young adults born preterm experience more social challenges, which may affect their romantic relationships and future family planning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent Living and Romantic Relations Among Young Adults Born Preterm

et al. 2015

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“…Our follow-up rate is comparable to that reported in most international studies. For example, in the highly informative Helsinki Study 32,[47][48][49] there were 474 consecutive VLBW admissions to the regional NICU from January 1978 to December 1985; 335 were discharged alive, 95% survivors were traced, 255 residing in the Helsinki area were invited to participate, and 166 did so (50% overall). The Netherlands POPS study at 19 years achieved 62% follow-up, 45 and studies of pulmonary function in late adolescence in VP infants from Melbourne, Australia, included 74% of survivors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Outcomes of Young Adults Born Very Low Birth Weight

Darlow¹,

Horwood

Pere-Bracken³

et al. 2013

Pediatrics

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Several studies have suggested that very low birth weight young adults have increased risks of physical and health problems, educational underachievement, and poorer social functioning than their peers, but there are limited population-based and longitudinal data.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Former VLBW young adults in this national cohort scored as well as term controls on many measures of health and social functioning, including quality-of-life scores, with some differences largely confined to those with disability at age 7 to 8 years.abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the early adult health, education, and social functioning of a national cohort of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants born in 1986 in New Zealand compared with a control group of young adults born the same year. The impact of neurodevelopmental disability at age 7 to 8 years on young adult outcomes was examined.METHODS: Participants underwent a comprehensive face-to-face interview that included standardized assessment tools and previously used custom written survey items. RESULTS:We interviewed 230 VLBW young adults (71% of survivors) and 69 controls at age 22 to 23 years. VLBW young adults were 5.6 kg lighter and 4.2 cm shorter than controls, had lower rates of tertiary education/ training (percentage difference [95% confidence interval]: 213.1 [221.6 to 21.8]) and university degree completion (215.6 [228.0 to 24.8]), had more often been welfare dependent (23.5 [10.2 to 35.0]), had few or no friends (20.5 [7.2 to 32.2]), and more often had wheeze in the past year (20.1 [9.0 to 28.6]). However, in many areas there were no differences between the VLBW cohort and controls, and VLBW adults rated their overall quality of life and behavioral functioning similarly to their peers. Those with previous disability had poorer social, occupational, and physical functioning than other VLBW young adults.CONCLUSIONS: Despite some evidence of health, educational, and social difficulties, former VLBW young adults obtained similar scores across many aspects of health and social functioning as their same age peers, with some differences largely confined to those with previous disability.

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“…Previously, only the Helsinki Study of Very-LowBirth-Weight Adults examined whether the effects of VLBW on development differ between VLBW adults who were SGA and those who were AGA (Strang-Karlsson et al 2008). VLBW adults in the SGA subgroup (mean age: 22.2 years old) scored significantly higher on the executive dysfunction and emotional instability subscales of the Adult Problem Questionnaire (a measure of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] behavioral symptoms), than did those in the AGA subgroup (mean age: 22.5 years old) and the term comparison group (mean age: 22.5 years old; Strang- Karlsson et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VLBW adults in the SGA subgroup (mean age: 22.2 years old) scored significantly higher on the executive dysfunction and emotional instability subscales of the Adult Problem Questionnaire (a measure of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] behavioral symptoms), than did those in the AGA subgroup (mean age: 22.5 years old) and the term comparison group (mean age: 22.5 years old; Strang- Karlsson et al 2008). ADHD is known to be related to LD, and studies have reported that VLBW infants had a higher risk for ADHD and LD when they reached school age compared with a normal term group (Aarnoudse-Moens et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings suggest a correlation between prematurity or intrauterine nutritional disorders and LD. However, few previous studies compared sameage children with VLBW and those born at 37 weeks or more of gestation with appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) weight (Strang-Karlsson et al 2008). Additionally, little is known about the proportion of LD between children with VLBW who were small for their gestational age (SGA) and those with VLBW who were AGA .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Learning Disability in 10- to 16-Year-Old Adolescents with Very Low Birth Weight in Japan

Tanabe

Koji

Kikuchi

et al. 2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of infants with very low birth weight (VLBW, i.e., weight less than 1,500 g) in Japan. However, the effect of VLBW on subsequent behavioral development and mental health remains unknown. Subjects enrolled were 57 individuals (13.4 ± 1.9 years old) with VLBW (VLBW group), including 23 small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants (i.e., the SGA/VLBW group) and 34 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants (the AGA/VLBW group). The control group was 29 individuals born AGA at term. We used the questionnaires, the Pupil Rating Scale Revised (PRS) to screen for learning disabilities and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) to examine the presence of depression. The PRS score in the VLBW group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( p < 0.001). Suspected learning disabilities (LD, defined by a score below 65 points on the PRS) were found in 6 out of the 56 subjects in the VLBW group (10.7%), whereas none were found in the 29 control subjects ( p = 0.074). The frequency of suspected LD children was higher in the SGA/VLBW group (4 out of 22 evaluated infants, 18.2%) than that in the AGA/VLBW group (2/34, 5.9%). The frequency of suspected LD in the non-verbal field was significantly higher (p = 0.02) in the SGA/VLBW group (18.2%) than in the AGA/ VLBW group (0%). However, CDI score did not significantly differ between groups. These findings suggest that VLBW and fetal growth restriction may pose a risk for LD among adolescents with VLBW.

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Very Low Birth Weight and Behavioral Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Young Adulthood: The Helsinki Study of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Adults

Abstract: Rather than very low birth weight per se, intrauterine growth retardation, as reflected by small for gestational age status in the very-low-birth-weight subjects, confers a risk for behavioral and emotional adversity related to ADHD in young adulthood.

Cited by 133 publications

References 39 publications

Independent Living and Romantic Relations Among Young Adults Born Preterm

Independent Living and Romantic Relations Among Young Adults Born Preterm

Psychosocial Outcomes of Young Adults Born Very Low Birth Weight

Learning Disability in 10- to 16-Year-Old Adolescents with Very Low Birth Weight in Japan

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