Very Fast Rise-Time Short-Pulse High-Voltage Generator

Pécastaing, Laurent; Paillol, Jean; Reess, Thierry; Gibert, A.; Domens, P.

doi:10.1109/tps.2006.883346

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In order to use the expander for high frequency ultrasound systems, the rise/fall time of the expander must be considered because the transient performance of these systems depends on the rise/fall time of the transmitted pulse [28]. The rise time is defined as the time that it takes for the output pulse to rise from 10 % to 90 % of final output value and the fall time is the time for the pulse to fall from 90 % to 10 % of the final output value [29].…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel power MOSFET-based expander for high frequency ultrasound systems

Choi¹,

Shung²

2014

Ultrasonics

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The function of an expander is to obstruct the noise signal transmitted by the pulser so that it does not pass into the transducer or receive electronics, where it can produce undesirable ring-down in an ultrasound imaging application. The most common type is a diode-based expander, which is essentially a simple diode-pair, is widely used in pulse-echo measurements and imaging applications because of its simple architecture. However, diode-based expanders may degrade the performance of ultrasonic transducers and electronic components on the receiving and transmitting sides of the ultrasound systems, respectively. Since they are non-linear devices, they cause excessive signal attenuation and noise at higher frequencies and voltages. In this paper, a new type of expander that utilizes power MOSFET components, which we call a power MOSFET-based expander, is introduced and evaluated for use in high frequency ultrasound imaging systems. The performance of a power MOSFET-based expander was evaluated relative to a diode-based expander by comparing the noise figure (NF), insertion loss (IL), total harmonic distortion (THD), response time (RT), electrical impedance (EI) and dynamic power consumption (DPC). The results showed that the power MOSFET-based expander provided better NF (0.76 dB), IL (-0.3 dB) and THD (-62.9 dB), and faster RT (82 ns) than did the diode-based expander (NF (2.6 dB), IL (-1.4 dB), THD (-56.0 dB) and RT (119 ns)) at 70 MHz. The -6 dB bandwidth and the peak-to-peak voltage of the echo signal received by the transducer using the power MOSFET-based expander improved by 17.4 % and 240 % compared to the diode-based expander, respectively. The new power MOSFET-based expander was shown to yield lower NF, IL and THD, faster RT and lower ring down than the diode-based expander at the expense of higher dynamic power consumption.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel power MOSFET-based expander for high frequency ultrasound systems

Choi¹,

Shung²

2014

Ultrasonics

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“…The key parameters of the peaking switch model determined from the switch geometry and gas properties are inductance L, capacitance C 2 , and arc resistance r a [4], [10]. The arc resistance is given in (1) and calculated using the Rompe-Weizel formula [9] based on energy balance in the spark channel as follows:…”

Section: B Network Equations and Transfer Function Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P ULSED power source, peaking capacitor, and peaking switch are the key components in systems that generate high-power microwave radiation [1]- [3]. The pulse is generated by a Marx generator and its rise time is reduced by passing this pulse through a peaking capacitor and peaking switch to the load [5]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Transfer Function Model and Analysis of the Peaking Capacitor and Switch

Bindu¹,

Mangalvedekar²,

Sharma

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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This paper discusses the development and analysis of a transfer function model of the peaking capacitor and peaking switch for an input from Marx generator and an output across load. The effect of variations of gap distance, pressure, peaking capacitor, and the input pulse rise time on the rise time of the output pulse is simulated using this model. For a given geometry, the modeling gives an optimum input pulse rise time and the effect of variation of peaking capacitor on various output parameters. The results obtained from modeling are validated with the experimental results.

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“…It consists of a spark-gap with pressurized gas but without air flow and a pressure being able to go up to 100 bars. The aim is to place this peaking switch on the curve of Paschen [3] where the conditions of the product P (pressure) × d (gap distance) make it possible to reach breakdown voltage values of the peaking switch near the maximum of the output pulse generated by the air Tesla transformer. The gap distance can be adjusted from 0 to 5 mm.…”

Section: Design Of the Coaxial Generator With Its Peaking Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The output voltage measurement is achieved by probes made of a capacitive line divider [3] associated with attenuators.…”

Section: Design Of the Capacitive Line Dividermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tesla Transformer and a Coaxial Peaking Switch as a UWB Pulse Source

et al. 2009

Self Cite

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This paper presents a high voltage pulse source which is able to generate ultra wideband (UWB) pulses during about 1 ns through a 16 antennas array. This UWB source is composed of a 50 kV DC voltage supply, a Tesla transformer to amplify this voltage up to 400 kV, a gaseous pressurized peaking switch and an impedance transformer (50 Ω → 3.125 Ω). This output impedance value corresponds to the input impedance value of a sixteen 50 Ω antennas array. That is why a distributor is needed in order to feed the antenna array. In this paper, the peaking switch and the capacitive line divider used to characterise the generated pulses are particularly described. The peaking switch is based on the principle of a line discharge by means of a high pressure gas switch. It is loaded with a Tesla transformer to obtain a good pulse reproducibility. The main characteristics of the output pulse waveform (amplitude and rise time) are linked to the properties of the gas switch and particularly to the gap distance, the pressure and the nature of the gas used in the switch filling. The aim is to find a good compromise between various parameters as the output pulse amplitude, the rise time and the repetition rate in order to ensure a better efficiency of the UWB source. Classical voltage measurement techniques do not allow us an estimation of the main characteristics of such an output signal. Therefore a voltage probe was designed and realised to measure both the amplitude and the rise time of the pulses delivered by the generator. This device is based on the principle of a capacitive line divider. Calibration tests (transient and frequency tests) were performed and show that the high cut-off frequency, around 2.5 GHz, is consistent with the transient response of the output high voltage waveform. The design, realisation and calibration tests are also presented.

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Very Fast Rise-Time Short-Pulse High-Voltage Generator

Cited by 37 publications

References 16 publications

Novel power MOSFET-based expander for high frequency ultrasound systems

Novel power MOSFET-based expander for high frequency ultrasound systems

Development of Transfer Function Model and Analysis of the Peaking Capacitor and Switch

A Tesla Transformer and a Coaxial Peaking Switch as a UWB Pulse Source

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