Verticillium Wilt of Cauliflower in California

Koike, S. T.; Subbarao, Krishna V.; Davis, R. M.; Gordon, Thomas R.; Hubbard, J. C.

doi:10.1094/pd-78-1116

Cited by 97 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…Inoculum was prepared from 1-month-old cultures, and the density of each isolate was adjusted to approximately 10 7 conidia ml -1 . The roots of 4-week-old plants were washed free of soil and inoculated using the root-dip technique (11). Ten plants were inoculated for each hostisolate combination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Verticillium dahliae Isolates and Wilt Epidemics of Pepper

Bhat

Smith²,

Koike³

et al. 2003

Plant Disease

104

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Bhat, R. G., Smith, R. F., Koike, S. T., Wu, B. M., and Subbarao, K. V. 2003. Characterization of Verticillium dahliae isolates and wilt epidemics of pepper. Plant Dis. 87:789-797.Epidemics of Verticillium wilt in pepper fields of the central coast of California and isolates of Verticillium dahliae associated with these epidemics were characterized. The mean incidence of wilted plants per field ranged from 6.3 to 97.8% in fields with Anaheim, jalapeno, paprika, or bell peppers. In general, incidence of wilt in jalapeno and bell pepper crops was lower than in crops of other types of pepper. Inoculum density of V. dahliae in the surveyed pepper fields ranged from 2.7 to 66.6 microsclerotia g -1 dry soil, and the correlation between disease incidence and density of microsclerotia was high (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Distribution of Verticillium wilt was aggregated in a majority of the pepper fields surveyed, but the degree of aggregation varied. Vegetative compatibility group (VCG) characterization of 67 isolates of V. dahliae indicated that 67% belonged to VCG 2, 22% to VCG 4, and 11% to a new group, designated VCG 6. The pathogenicity of isolates of V. dahliae from bell pepper and tomato plants was tested by inoculating 1-month-old bell pepper (cv. Cal Wonder) and tomato (cv. EP 7) seedlings and incubating the inoculated plants in the greenhouse. Seedlings of bell pepper were susceptible only to the isolates of V. dahliae from pepper, whereas seedlings of tomato were susceptible to both pepper and tomato isolates. Pepper isolates belonging to VCG 2, VCG 4, and VCG 6 were highly pathogenic to bell pepper and chili pepper. Temperatures between 15 and 25°C were optimal for mycelial growth of a majority of isolates of V. dahliae. Molecular characterization of pepper isolates of V. dahliae using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique revealed minor variation among these isolates, but unique polymorphic banding patterns were observed for isolates belonging to VCG 6. Verticillium wilt of pepper is a major production constraint in the central coast of California. More aggressive isolates of V. dahliae may have been selected in this region as a result of intensive cropping practices.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Verticillium dahliae Isolates and Wilt Epidemics of Pepper

Bhat

Smith²,

Koike³

et al. 2003

Plant Disease

104

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“…V. dahliae population in 0-15 cm of soil was tested using a modified Anderson sampler and NP10 selective medium (Koike et al, 1994) before and after each crop, and pre-and post-ASD treatment. V. dahliae infection on strawberry plants was evaluated at the end of the growing season for four plants per plot.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Rotation Systems for Soilborne Disease, Weed and Fertility Management in Strawberry/Vegetable Production

Zavatta¹,

Shennan²,

Muramoto³

et al. 2014

Acta Hortic.

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Organic strawberry/vegetable producers in coastal California face soilborne disease, nutrient, and weed management challenges. In conventional systems, stringent regulations and air quality concerns make the sustainability of fumigantdependent systems uncertain. To evaluate efficacy of anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD), mustard cake (MC) application and broccoli residue incorporation, we initiated trials at an organic farm (Org) and a conventional farm (Conv) with crop rotation (broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. italica) -strawberries (Fragaria ananassa), cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. botrytis) -strawberries, or fallow -strawberries) as main plot in June 2011. Sub plots (ASD, MC, ASD+MC, untreated control (UTC), and fumigant (Pic-Clor 60. Conv only)) were applied prior to strawberry in October 2011. Cover crop and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were grown after strawberries at Org only. Marketable fruit yield, weed density, and disease level were monitored during the strawberry season and soil inorganic N dynamics for the entire period. ASD+MC and ASD produced similar fruit yields as fumigant at the Conv site. ASD+MC produced greater fruit yield than UTC and MC at both sites and ASD at the Org site. ASD and ASD+MC produced high inorganic N in the soil 2 to 3 months after application at both sites. This caused salt damage on strawberry during early growth especially at Conv which may have reduced fruit yields in both treatments. Verticillium dahliae population in soil at strawberry transplanting was less than 1 microsclerotia/g soil at both sites. However, V. dahliae infection on strawberry plants at the end of the harvest season in Org was reduced by ASD and ASD+MC suggesting that the mechanisms of yield increase by ASD involved disease suppression. Weed suppression by ASD and MC was limited. The effect of broccoli rotation in V. dahliae and weed suppression was also limited and no synergistic effect of broccoli rotation with ASD and MC was observed.

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“…The broad host range and long-term survival of microsclerotia in soil make this pathogen difficult to manage in agricultural systems. Moreover, V. dahliae is known to disperse by the movement of soil, irrigation water and with seed and vegetative propagation (Koike, Subbarao, Davis, Gordon, & Hubbard, 1994). Some clonal lineages have been dispersed across broad geographic distances (Conn, Tenuta, & Lazarovits, 2005) by agriculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade-Offs between Growth Rate, Sporulation and Pathogenicity in Verticillium dahliae

El-Sharawy¹,

Hu²,

Yang³

2015

JAS

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Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus that causes vascular wilt diseases in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). We have illustrated the correlations between growth rate, sporulation and pathogenicity in V. dahliae mutants. A total of 196 V. dahliae mutants generated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, was used throughout this study. Compared with a control strain, the mutants could be significantly grouped into three types by differentiation with to that of control strain. The results indicated that linear regression analysis of the relationship was performed and the gradient and intercept were shown for growth rate and disease index. The correlation coefficient was observed if the infection is high. When their correlation of the growth rate is high, the growth rate and sporulation quantity of mutants had significantly a power correlation. This study, which may play an important role in the population structure of the pathogen, highlights fundamental biological differences between the mutants involving different infection strategies.

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Verticillium Wilt of Cauliflower in California

Cited by 97 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Verticillium dahliae Isolates and Wilt Epidemics of Pepper

Characterization of Verticillium dahliae Isolates and Wilt Epidemics of Pepper

Integrated Rotation Systems for Soilborne Disease, Weed and Fertility Management in Strawberry/Vegetable Production

Trade-Offs between Growth Rate, Sporulation and Pathogenicity in Verticillium dahliae

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