Verticillium Wilt in Solanaceous Crops

Yanxin, Gao; Zitter, Thomas A.; Veilleux, Richard E.

doi:10.1002/9780470535486.ch3

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Infection with V. dahliae is responsible for major crop losses of various solanaceous crops worldwide (Gao et al ., ). In the present investigation, tomato plants infected with V. dahliae had a reduced biomass and stunting was induced, but no reduction in leaf number was observed, thus confirming results of a previous study (Bollig et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Vascular wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae is one of the most important plant diseases in annual agricultural and horticultural plants, including economically important solanaceous species (Gao et al ., ). The pathogen invades the plant via the root tips, root wounds or lateral roots and spreads along the xylem vessel to the aboveground part of the plant (Fradin & Thomma, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…During the initial stages of Verticillium infection, the shoot remains symptomless, but, later, the disease manifests itself in the form of chlorosis, wilting, stunting and necrosis (Gao et al ., ). By this late stage, a combination of fungal hyphae and induced suberization or lignification of the xylem compromises the flow of water and nutrients (Williams et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This does not inevitably result in immediate and drastic wilting symptoms or even in plant death. Resistance to verticillium wilt is associated with the formation of barriers in the epidermis and xylem and the overall vascular anatomy may contribute to greater vulnerability to water stress (Gao et al ., ). Thus, genetic resistance found in cotton has been associated with the rapid accumulation of lignin in the vascular structures or of suberin in tomato (Robb et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of Verticillium dahliae on tomato root morphology considering plant growth response and defence

et al. 2016

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The soilborne pathogen Verticillium dahliae invades its host via the root, and spreads systemically throughout the plant. Although a functional root system of appropriate size is essential for water and nutrient uptake, to date, effects of pathogens on root morphology have not been frequently investigated. Therefore, this study aims to improve knowledge of how V. dahliae infection impairs root morphological characteristics of tomato, considering plant growth and physiological responses, particularly those involved in defence in roots and leaves over a growing period of up to 28 days postinoculation. Verticillium dahliae infection suppressed the growth of both shoot and root. Diseased plants developed a smaller leaf area, and exhibited a reduction in the rate of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. An early response to pathogen invasion in the host root was the up-regulation of several defence-related genes, such as proteinase inhibitor II (Pin2), b-1,3-glucanase A (GluA) and two pathogenesis-related genes (PR-1a, PR-1b). However, this response did not prevent colonization of the roots by the pathogen. Although a high variability in pathogen density was found within the root system, a significant increase of both the specific root length and surface area was observed in response to pathogen invasion; these traits correlated with water use efficiency. Morphological changes of the root may represent an adaptive response evolved to sustain the supply of both water and nutrients in the presence of the pathogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of Verticillium dahliae on tomato root morphology considering plant growth response and defence

et al. 2016

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“…Disease caused by soilborne fungi depends largely on the spatial pattern of the primary inoculum, and the primary-inoculum distribution depends strongly on crop practices [ 17 , 18 , 45 ]. Artificial inoculation remains the best option for screening soilborne disease [ 46 ]. When not applicable on large scales or when the pathogen has to be studied in a native system, the proposed methodology integrates both pathogen and disease components in the breeding evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for biotic spatial variability in fields: Case of resistance screening against sunflower Verticillium wilt

et al. 2017

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In breeding for disease resistance, the magnitude of the genetic response is difficult to appreciate because of environmental stresses that interact with the plant genotype. We discuss herein the fundamental problems in breeding for disease resistance with the aim being to better understand the interactions between plant, pathogen, and spatial patterns. The goal of this study is to fine tune breeding decisions by incorporating spatial patterns of such biotic factors into the definition of disease-occurrence probability. We use a preexisting statistics method based on geostatistics for a descriptive analysis of biotic factors for trial quality control. The plant-population structure used for spatial-pattern analysis consists of two F1-hybrid cultivars, defined as symptomatic and asymptomatic controls with respect to the studied pathogen. The controls are inserted at specific locations to establish a grid arrangement over the field that include the F1-hybrid cultivars under evaluation. We characterize the spatial structure of the pathogen population and of the general plant environment—with undetermined but present abiotic constraints—not by using direct notation such as flower time or rainfall but by using plant behavior (i.e., leaf symptom severity, indirect notation). The analysis indicates areas with higher or lower risk of disease and reveals a correlation between the symptomatic control and the effective level of disease for sunflowers. This result suggests that the pathogen and/or abiotic components are major factors in determining the probability that a plant develops the disease, which could lead to a misinterpretation of plant resistance.

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Tapping the potential of grafting to improve the performance of vegetable cropping systems in sub-Saharan Africa. A review

Nordey¹,

Schwarz

Kenyon

et al. 2020

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Vegetable grafting is developing worldwide to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. This technique faces strong regional disparities and its potential to improve crop performances is currently underexploited in sub-Saharan Africa. This review explores the potential of grafting to increase and secure vegetable production in challenging production conditions in sub-Saharan Africa and to identify the obstacles to its adoption. The major conclusions that can be drawn from the review are (1) the capacity of vegetable grafting to overcome several agronomic challenges commonly encountered in sub-Saharan Africa particularly for soilborne diseases; (2) grafting does not systematically lead to higher yields since the performance of grafted plants is closely linked with the combination of scion-rootstock chosen; (3) resistant rootstocks to the local soilborne pathogens could be identified through short-term laboratory and field experiments whereas the improvement of the tolerance to abiotic stresses would require deeper knowledge on underlying mechanisms; (4) the significant increase in the cost of using grafted plants are warranted in systems where there are no other technical alternatives to manage biotic and abiotic stresses, where profitability per plant is high, or where the use of grafted plants makes it possible to reach a profitable niche market such as off-season or organic products; and (5) vegetable grafting should therefore be promoted by providing evidence for its profitability in different production systems (open field and greenhouse cultivation) combined with supply-side interventions to build or strengthen the capacity of nursery operators to provide a continuous supply of good-quality grafted plants.

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Verticillium Wilt in Solanaceous Crops

Cited by 5 publications

References 98 publications

Effects of Verticillium dahliae on tomato root morphology considering plant growth response and defence

Effects of Verticillium dahliae on tomato root morphology considering plant growth response and defence

Accounting for biotic spatial variability in fields: Case of resistance screening against sunflower Verticillium wilt

Tapping the potential of grafting to improve the performance of vegetable cropping systems in sub-Saharan Africa. A review

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