Verticillium wilt

Verticillium dahliae transcription factors Som1 and Vta3 control microsclerotia formation and sequential steps of plant root penetration and colonisation to induce disease

“…The soil-borne ascomycete Verticillium dahliae causes wilt disease and early senescence in more than 200 plant species including numerous economically important crops (Pegg & Brady, 2002;Berlanger & Powelson, 2000;Fradin & Thomma, 2006;Klosterman et al, 2009). Verticillium dahliae survives in the soil without host plants for decades by forming microsclerotia.…”

“…Verticillium dahliae survives in the soil without host plants for decades by forming microsclerotia. These structures are formed directly from fungal hyphae in the host plant or can be produced on and in the fine roots of many species of resistant plants without causing symptoms (Green, 1980;Xiao et al, 1998;Berlanger & Powelson, 2000). Microsclerotia are necessary for virulence because V. dahliae strains defective in formation of these resting structures are unable to efficiently colonise plant roots and are incapable of causing disease symptoms (Klimes & Dobinson, 2006;Xiong et al, 2016).…”

“…Additionally, V. dahliae can produce single cell conidia born on phialides (Pegg & Brady, 2002;Inderbitzin et al, 2011). They can be transported within the plant vascular system to distribute the pathogen, as well as over long distances from one region to another by water streams such as rivers and irrigation canals (Pegg & Brady, 2002;Berlanger & Powelson, 2000).…”

Effects of no tillage and genetic resistance on sunflower wilt by Verticillium dahliae

“…Populations of the pathogen decline very slowly through mortality over time and microsclerotia of the pathogen persist in soil for a long time, even in the absence of a susceptible host, therefore is normal to expect that NT did not reduce leaf mottle severity in our SM-study. In addition fallowing a field by leaving it uncropped and weed-free during the growing seasons or planting non-susceptible crops for several consecutive seasons do not lead to significant reductions in the populations of microsclerotia (Berlanguer and Powelson, 2000).…”

Verticillium longisporum, the invisible threat to oilseed rape and other brassicaceous plant hosts

“…In the absence of a host, V. dahliae microsclerotia remain dormant and viable in the soil for more than 10 years (Wilhelm, ), which may be similar for V. longisporum . Root exudates stimulate the germination of V. longisporum microsclerotia, after which hyphae grow towards the root of the plant (Berlanger and Powelson, ; Leino, ). Subsequently, hyphae colonize the surface of the root hairs and grow towards the root surface (Eynck et al ., ; Zhou et al ., ).…”