Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: production and applications for environmental sustainability

Shi, Wenbo; Plata, Desirée L.

doi:10.1039/c8gc02195c

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 236 publications

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“…There is a question as to the nature of the carbon source and its appropriateness for making nanotubes in an environmental [14] and chemical context. Carbon from various sources can be used to make nanotubes once the following four basic requirements are satisfied: (1) The carbon is delivered to the catalyst site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Recycling of Consumer-Grade Black Plastic into Electrically Conductive Carbon Nanotubes

Hedayati

Barnett

Swan

et al. 2019

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The global plastics crisis has recently focused scientists’ attention on finding technical solutions for the ever-increasing oversupply of plastic waste. Black plastic is one of the greatest contributors to landfill waste, because it cannot be sorted using industrial practices based on optical reflection. However, it can be readily upcycled into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a novel liquid injection reactor (LIR) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. In this work, CNTs were formed using black and white polystyrene plastics to demonstrate that off-the-shelf materials can be used as feedstock for growth of CNTs. Scanning electron microscopy analysis suggests the CNTs from plastic sources improve diameter distribution homogeneity, with slightly increased diameters compared with control samples. Slight improvements in quality, as determined by Raman spectroscopy of the D and G peaks, suggest that plastics could lead to increased quality of CNTs. A small device was constructed as a demonstrator model to increase impact and public engagement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Recycling of Consumer-Grade Black Plastic into Electrically Conductive Carbon Nanotubes

Hedayati

Barnett

Swan

et al. 2019

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“…In VA‐CNT membranes the CNTs are perpendicularly arranged yielding opened and aligned nanochannels with fast transport properties, [ 33 ] where the fluid passes through the hollow CNT interior or between the bundles of the resulting isoporous structure. Due to the vertically oriented water transportation and high packing density, VA‐CNTs show the main advantage of allowing a high flux of water through the CNTs.…”

Section: Types Of Carbon Nanotube Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous theoretical studies have demonstrated that increasing the diameter of the CNTs results in an adverse effect on the salt rejection efficiency. [ 20–102 ] Appropriate pore diameters act as energy barriers at the channel entries, allowing water to pass through the hollow channels while salt ions are rejected. [ 103 ] Computational studies conducted by Corry et al suggested that the ideal CNT diameter to achieve high water permeability and salt rejection should be <0.6 nm.…”

Section: Water Treatment Applications Of Cnt‐based Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotube Membranes in Water Treatment Applications

Barrejón

Prato

2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based membranes combine the promising properties of CNTs with the advantages of membrane separation technologies, offering enhanced membrane performance in terms of permeability and selectivity. This review looks at the existing membrane architectures based on CNTs and their main advantages and disadvantages for water treatment applications. The different types of CNT‐based membranes that are reported in the literature are highlighted, as well as their corresponding fabrication methods. Available methodologies for tailoring the final membrane properties and behavior are thoroughly discussed, making special emphasis in chemical modification of the CNT surface. Finally, the most common applications of CNT‐based membranes in water treatment are reviewed, including seawater or brine desalination, oil–water separation, removal of heavy metals, and organic pollutants. The main limitations and perspectives of CNT‐based membranes are also briefly outlined.

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“…Pre-aligned CNTs are more suited for the fabrication of VACNT membranes compared to CNT powders because an additional post-alignment process is not necessary. In addition, the synthesis method affects the specifications of the CNTs, namely, their diameter, length, density, and number of walls [ 24 , 25 ]. The three main techniques used to synthesize VACNT arrays are arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), as shown in Figure 2 .…”

Section: Synthesis Of Vacntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Membranes: Water Purification and Beyond

et al. 2020

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Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) membranes have attracted significant attention for water purification owing to their ultra-high water permeability and antibacterial properties. In this paper, we critically review the recent progresses in the synthesis of VACNT arrays and fabrication of VACNT membrane methods, with particular emphasis on improving water permeability and anti-biofouling properties. Furthermore, potential applications of VACNT membranes other than water purification (e.g., conductive membranes, electrodes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and solar electricity–water generators) have been introduced. Finally, future outlooks are provided to overcome the limitations of commercialization and desalination currently faced by VACNT membranes. This review will be useful to researchers in the broader scientific community as it discusses current and new trends regarding the development of VACNT membranes as well as their potential applications.

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Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: production and applications for environmental sustainability

Abstract: Incorporate green chemistry principles into vertically aligned carbon nanotube production and leverage their properties to maximize environmental benefits.

Cited by 36 publications

References 236 publications

Chemical Recycling of Consumer-Grade Black Plastic into Electrically Conductive Carbon Nanotubes

Chemical Recycling of Consumer-Grade Black Plastic into Electrically Conductive Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon Nanotube Membranes in Water Treatment Applications

Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Membranes: Water Purification and Beyond

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