Vertical variability in taxonomic breadth of biofilm-dwelling ciliates in marine bioassessment surveys

Kazmi, Syed Shabi Ul Hassan; Tang, Xuexi; Xu, Guangjian; Sikder, Mohammad Nurul Azim; Xu, Henglong

doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101366

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Since the materials used in each survey were deployed as accurately as possible to a set depth and with the slight fluctuation in the port water level (between 10–12 m) over the course of deployment, depth effects may have influenced the observed fouling communities both between survey types and within the MMS, where materials extended over a couple of metres in sequence. Depth is known to be a factor in determining the formation of biofilms and settlement of some organisms (Hurlbut, 1991; Head et al ., 2004; Kazmi et al ., 2020) and has been found to be a significant factor in determining the community composition in a previous study (Lezzi & Giangrande, 2018). Accommodating multiple SSS frames in sequence at set depths, similar to that done by Lezzi & Giangrande (2018), would enable depth as a factor to be investigated without the need for additional deployment sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Design and implementation of two surveys targeted at describing fouling communities and identifying non-native species within active ports

Holmes

Callaway

2020

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Ports have long been considered ‘high-risk’ areas for the introduction of non-native species (NNS) and should therefore be a focus of NNS monitoring. The industrial nature of active ports can, however, provide various problems when attempting to carry out monitoring programmes. Current methodologies designed to identify NNS and to describe fouling communities have not been developed specifically for use in active ports and can encounter a number of issues when used in these environments. Here, two surveys were developed and trialled within an active port in South Wales, UK, designed to describe fouling communities, identify NNS and overcome some of the major limitations to conducting surveys within ports. Over a 6-month period, fouling communities dominated by solitary ascidians developed in each survey. Seven NNS were identified, mostly species already recorded in the 1950s, including the Mediterranean crab Brachynotus sexdentatus, and the more recently introduced Japanese skeleton shrimp Caprella mutica. Each survey was evaluated independently with respect to key factors, including the ability to detect NNS and practical aspects of using these survey methods in an applied context. We conclude that whilst each survey can function independently, the use of both survey types in conjunction offers the most robust solution to identifying NNS and describing wider fouling communities within active ports. This research has implications for the future monitoring and management of NNS within UK ports.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Design and implementation of two surveys targeted at describing fouling communities and identifying non-native species within active ports

Holmes

Callaway

2020

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…Protozoa are the primary contributors in microbial food webs, and play a signi cant role to arbitrating the mutability of energy and matter from lower to higher trophic levels (Finlay and Esteban 1998;Eisenmann et al 2001;Fischer et al, 2002;Weitere et al, 2003;Kathol et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2009a;Guo et al, 2019;Kazmi et al, 2020a). Otherwise, they have been engaged as an important sweeper to remove the organic pollutants and other harmful contaminants to improve the water quality status in aquatic ecosystems (Cairns et al, 1972;Cairns and Henebry, 1982;Corliss, 2002;Weitere et al, 2003;Xu et al, 2005;Jiang et al, 2007;Norf et al, 2007Norf et al, , 2009Shi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into bioassessment of water quality status using functional units of protozoan periphytons in marine ecosystems

Kazmi¹,

Uroosa²,

Xu³

2021

Preprint

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Protozoan periphytons with their ecological features are considered as a robust bioindicator for bioassessment of both environmental stress and anthropogenic impacts in aquatic ecosystems. Keeping in view the ability of protozoan fauna for discriminating water quality status, a 1-year baseline survey was conducted using glass slides as an artificial substratum in coastal waters of Yellow sea, northern China. Four sampling sites (A–D) were selected from a clean area to a polluted station, and samples were collected monthly at a depth of 1 m. Environmental variables such as salinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), soluble reactive phosphates (SRP), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) were measured synchronically to compare with biotic factors. From a total of 144 identified protozoan species, 53 functional units (FUs) were proposed based on four biological traits: feeding type, resource of food supply, body size and movement type. These FUs represented a clear variability in spatial distribution among four study sites. The relative abundances of the sessile colonial bacterivores (e.g., BOS5s) showed an increasing trend from sites A to D. Multivariate analysis revealed that the patterns of the protozoan FUs showed a significant variation among four sampling sites, and were driven by the increasing levels of nutrients (e.g., NH4-N) and decreasing ranks of DO (P < 0.05). The bacterivorous FUs (e.g., BOS5s and BIS3v) were significantly positively related to NH4-N, while the vagile algivorous FUs (e.g., AIS8v, AOS3v, AOS6v) and sessile predators (e.g., RIS4s) were significantly positively correlated with transparency. These findings suggested that FUs of protozoan periphytons may be used as a useful bioindicators of water quality status in marine ecosystems.

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“…It should be noted that depth is a known factor that can influence the colonisation of benthic fauna and subsequent formation of benthic communities (Hurlbut, 1991;Head et al, 2004;Kazmi et al, 2020). Given that materials deployed here extended over approximately 2-3m and water levels were not consistent either over time within ports or between ports it is possible that depth may have influenced the observed colonisation of materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A number of factors may come into play which influence the observed communities and NNS found colonising the survey materials, including water depth effects and the probability of detecting rare species. Depth is known to influence the colonisation of benthic fauna, even over relatively small differences in depth that were experienced within this research (Hurlbut, 1991;Head, Davenport and Thomason, 2004;Kazmi et al, 2020). Both survey designs may have been influenced by depth effects on colonisation.…”

Section: Iiii Working Within Active Portsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Both Since the materials used in each survey were deployed as accurately as possible to a set depth and with the slight fluctuation in the port water level (between 10 -12m) over the course of deployment, depth effects may have influenced the observed fouling communities both between survey types and within the MMS, where materials extended over a couple of metres in sequence. Depth is known to be a factor in determining the formation of biofilms and settlement of some organisms (Hurlbut, 1991;Head et al, 2004;Kazmi et al, 2020) and has been found to be a significant factor in determining the community composition in a previous study (Lezzi and Giangrande, 2018). Accommodating multiple SSS frames in sequence at set depths, similar to that done by Lezzi and Giangrande (2018), would enable depth as a factor to be investigated without the need for additional deployment sites.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Survey Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Harbouring Aliens: Ports as Habitats for Non-native Species

Holmes¹

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Non-native species are widely regarded as a significant environmental threat and have been associated with biodiversity loss, species extinctions and the altering of ecosystem services. Shipping is the largest transport vector for aquatic species worldwide and ports, being central to this industry, are considered potential ‘hotspots’ for non-native species introductions. Ports are often heavily industrialised areas which can hinder access and the use of standard survey methods. As such, our knowledge of non-native species within UK ports is poor. As the foundation for this research I developed two different settlement surveys designed specifically to overcome some of the obstacles associated with working within active port environments. Surveys were deployed across five ports in South Wales, UK. I detected 13 non-native species and described the wider fouling communities present within each studied port. Whole community structure and their succession varied highly between ports, with salinity being the primary driver of differences between port communities. Significant differences in the observed non-native species between ports, independent of geographic proximity, highlighted the need to monitor individual ports with a view to implementing bespoke, effective management strategies. Colonisation of different material substrates was quantified and revealed that whilst the community structure varied between material types, non-native species would readily colonise all studied materials. These findings have particular importance for the management of non-native species within ports and have been used to inform port biosecurity procedures within the studied region. The successful deployment of the tailored survey methods within active ports will encourage regular monitoring for non-native species within UK ports. This research also showed that collaborations between researchers and port authorities can be highly effective for both parties and may indeed be necessary if we are to successfully manage aquatic non-native species within the UK.

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Vertical variability in taxonomic breadth of biofilm-dwelling ciliates in marine bioassessment surveys

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Design and implementation of two surveys targeted at describing fouling communities and identifying non-native species within active ports

Design and implementation of two surveys targeted at describing fouling communities and identifying non-native species within active ports

Insights into bioassessment of water quality status using functional units of protozoan periphytons in marine ecosystems

Harbouring Aliens: Ports as Habitats for Non-native Species

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