Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus during pregnancy and delivery in Denmark

Weis, Nina; Cowan, Susan; Hallager, Sofie; Dröse, Sandra; Kristensen, Lise; Grønbæk, K.; Jensen, Jeanette Dupont; Gerstoft, Jan; Madsen, Lone Galmstrup; Clausen, Mette Rye; Lunding, Suzanne; Tarp, Britta; Barfod, Toke Seierøe; Sloth, Stine; Holm, Dorte Kinggaard; Jensen, Jørgen Steen; Krarup, Henrik

doi:10.1080/00365521.2016.1244704

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Among the children born to the 19 HBV‐coinfected mothers 6 (mainly born from women with high HBV viral load) tested HBsAg‐positive at any time during follow‐up. However, in 3 cases these were transient infections . These data are similar to those of the BAN trial, also conducted in Malawi, reporting HBV infection in approximately 10% of the infants born to HBV/HIV coinfected mothers at 48 weeks of age .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…However, in 3 cases these were transient infections. 21 These data HBsAg-positive children, six children for whom samples were available had anti-HBs levels above 10 mIU/mL (but ≤ 100 mIU/ mL) at 24 months. For two of them levels at 6 months indicated a good response to vaccination but we then observed in both of them a rapid and steep decline over the following months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine in HIV‐exposed infants in Malawi and correlation with HBV infection acquisition

Pirillo

Liotta

Andreotti

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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The aim of this study was to assess the immune response to HBV vaccine in HIV-exposed infants and to correlate it to HBV infection acquisition. Protective anti-HBs levels (>10 mIU/mL) were found in 54/58 (93.2%) infants at 6 months, 126/144 (87.5%) at 12 months and 141/176 (80.1%) children at 24 months. HBV infection (seven children were HBsAg + at Month 24) occurred also in the presence of levels above 10 mIU/mL. Our findings indicate limited impact of HIV exposure on anti-HBV immune response, but suggest that levels >10 mIU/mL may be required to confer protection in this context.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine in HIV‐exposed infants in Malawi and correlation with HBV infection acquisition

Pirillo

Liotta

Andreotti

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The global estimation of HBV infection prevalence in children at 5 years old in 2016 was1.4% [20]. Our HBsAg positive rate was lower than studies performed in Japan (1.9%), Malaysia (2.6%), and Denmark(2.3%), targeted on infants, young children or adolescents born from HBV carrier mothers [21][22][23]. In China, HBsAg positive rate ranged from 0.35% in children at the age of 7 months to 12 years in Jiangsu, 4.9 and 1.4% in children of 13-24 months and 7-12 months in 4 northwest provinces, and 0.9% in children aged 7-22 months in Hebei Guangdong Shanxi and Zhejiang [24][25][26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-HBs levels in children under the age of two years born to HBV carrier mothers after immunoprophylaxis: a multicenter cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background Serological testing for the presence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) markers and anti-HBs titers in infants born to HBsAg positive women is critically important for estimation in immunisation programme. Methods This was a multi-center and cross-sectional study conducted in Zhejiang province, China. Children aged 7 to 24 months born to HBsAg positive women during December 2018 to February 2019, completed additional HBV serological markers screening. We indicated distribution of HBV serological markers and anti-HBs titers in children. Multiple logistic regression model with adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (ORadj and 95% CI) was used to explore the factors associated with inadequate immune response (anti-HBs titers< 100 mIU/ml) among children. Results A total of 1849 children were included. Overall 25 children tested HBsAg positive, giving HBsAg positive rate of 1.35%(95%CI: 0.83-1.88%). 92.00% (23/25) HBsAg positive children were delivered by HBeAg positive mothers. The proportion of protective seroconversion (anti-HBs titers≥10mIU/ml) was 99.29% in all children, and 86.48% children were reported with adequate anti-HBs titers (≥100mIU/ml).We found a significant higher proportions of early antenatal health care (< 13 gestational weeks), and term birth in children with adequate response compared with inadequate response (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed preterm birth was a negative factor for inadequate anti-HBs titers (ORadj = 1.868,95%CI 1.132-3.085,P = 0.015). Conclusions Children delivered by HBeAg positive mothers had higher risk of vertical transmission of HBV, despite completion of 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG injection. Inadequate anti-HBs level was significantly associated with preterm birth in HBsAg positive women.

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“… HBV: hepatitis B virus; NT: not tracked; USA: United States of America. * best data for this data for Denmark is based on publications [ 36 ] ~ Data points representing less than 5 individuals is not shown. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus elimination status and strategies in circumpolar countries, 2020

Haering

McMahon

Harris

et al. 2021

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health threat. The World Health Organization (WHO) established a goal to eliminate HBV infection as a public health threat by 2030, and defined targets for key interventions to achieve that goal. We evaluated HBV burden and relevant national recommendations for progress towards WHO targets in circumpolar countries. Viral hepatitis experts of circumpolar countries were surveyed regarding their country’s burden of HBV, achievement of WHO targets and national public health authority recommendations for HBV prevention and control. Eight of nine circumpolar countries responded. All countries continue to see new HBV infections. Data about HBV prevalence and progress in reaching WHO 2030 elimination targets are lacking. No country was able to report data for all seven WHO target measures. All countries have recommendations targeting the prevention of mother-to-child transmission. Only the USA and Greenland recommend universal birth dose vaccination. Four countries have recommendations to screen persons at high risk for HBV. Existing recommendations largely address prevention; however, recommendations for universal birth dose vaccination have not been widely introduced. Opportunities remain for the development of trackable targets and national elimination planning to screen and treat for HBV to reduce incidence and mortality.

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Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus during pregnancy and delivery in Denmark

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine in HIV‐exposed infants in Malawi and correlation with HBV infection acquisition

Antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine in HIV‐exposed infants in Malawi and correlation with HBV infection acquisition

Anti-HBs levels in children under the age of two years born to HBV carrier mothers after immunoprophylaxis: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Hepatitis B virus elimination status and strategies in circumpolar countries, 2020

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