Vertical Transmission of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Prions Evaluated in a Transgenic Mouse Model

Castilla, Joaquı́n; Brun, Alejandro; Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San; Salguero, Francisco J.; Gutiérrez‐Adán, Alfonso; Pintado, Belén; Ramírez, MA; Riego, L. del; Torres, Juan María

doi:10.1128/jvi.79.13.8665-8668.2005

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…51 These data confirm earlier studies within cattle where placenta lacked detectable PrP Sc yet vertical transmission appeared to be occurring. 81,82 In the human placenta, the fetal epithelium is bathed within maternal blood 83 and it is known that vCJD can be transmitted through blood transfusions.…”

Section: Environmental Sources Of Prionssupporting

confidence: 82%

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Prion transmission

Gough

Maddison

2010

Prion

124

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Section: Environmental Sources Of Prionssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…[49][50][51][52] However, several studies in recent years have demonstrated unequivocally the presence of prions within ovine milk from scrapie-infected sheep.…”

Section: Secretion Of Prions Within Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prion transmission

Gough

Maddison

2010

Prion

124

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“…Nevertheless, the presented data do indicate caution in the risk assessment associated with such foods. Also, it is unknown if analogous shedding of prions into milk occurs with bovine BSE; evidence from previous epidemiological and bioassay studies would suggest that such a scenario seems unlikely to cause clinical disease (1,26). However, the present report demonstrates that prions are secreted within the milk of sheep with PrP genotypes not typically associated with LRS accumulation of PrP Sc and that prions were secreted from animals devoid of IHCdetectable PrP Sc within their LRS.…”

Section: Prpcontrasting

confidence: 40%

Prions Are Secreted in Milk from Clinically Normal Scrapie-Exposed Sheep

Maddison

Baker

Rees

et al. 2009

J Virol

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The potential spread of prion infectivity in secreta is a crucial concern for prion disease transmission. Here, serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification (sPMCA) allowed the detection of prions in milk from clinically affected animals as well as scrapie-exposed sheep at least 20 months before clinical onset of disease, irrespective of the immunohistochemical detection of protease-resistant PrP Sc within lymphoreticular and central nervous system tissues. These data indicate the secretion of prions within milk during the early stages of disease progression and a role for milk in prion transmission. Furthermore, the application of sPMCA to milk samples offers a noninvasive methodology to detect scrapie during preclinical/subclinical disease.

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“…A previous study showed a vertical transmission in a transgenic mouse line expressing bovine PrP experimentally infected by intracerebral administration of BSE prions [15]. In this study, blood was proposed as the vehicle for prion spread due to its ability to retain prion infectivity [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Detection of PrPres in Genetically Susceptible Fetuses from Sheep with Natural Scrapie

et al. 2011

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Scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy with a wide PrPres dissemination in many non-neural tissues and with high levels of transmissibility within susceptible populations. Mechanisms of transmission are incompletely understood. It is generally assumed that it is horizontally transmitted by direct contact between animals or indirectly through the environment, where scrapie can remain infectious for years. In contrast, in utero vertical transmission has never been demonstrated and has rarely been studied. Recently, the use of the protein misfolding cyclic amplification technique (PMCA) has allowed prion detection in various tissues and excretions in which PrPres levels have been undetectable by traditional assays. The main goal of this study was to detect PrPres in fetal tissues and the amniotic fluid from natural scrapie infected ewes using the PMCA technique. Six fetuses from three infected pregnant ewes in an advanced clinical stage of the disease were included in the study. From each fetus, amniotic fluid, brain, spleen, ileo-cecal valve and retropharyngeal lymph node samples were collected and analyzed using Western blotting and PMCA. Although all samples were negative using Western blotting, PrPres was detected after in vitro amplification. Our results represent the first time the biochemical detection of prions in fetal tissues, suggesting that the in utero transmission of scrapie in natural infected sheep might be possible.

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Vertical Transmission of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Prions Evaluated in a Transgenic Mouse Model

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

Prion transmission

Prion transmission

Prions Are Secreted in Milk from Clinically Normal Scrapie-Exposed Sheep

Detection of PrPres in Genetically Susceptible Fetuses from Sheep with Natural Scrapie

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