Vertical stratification of microbial communities and isotope geochemistry tie groundwater denitrification to sampling location within a nitrate-contaminated aquifer

Chakraborty, Anirban; Suchy, Martin; Hubert, Casey R.J.; Ryan, M. Cathryn

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153092

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Clear correlations have been reported between changes in groundwater microbial communities and ion composition and salinity ( Chandler et al, 2021 ). The composition and structure of microbial communities tend to evolve based on variations in ion concentration ( Amalfitano et al, 2014 ; Sang et al, 2018 ; Chen et al, 2020 , 2022 ; Chakraborty et al, 2022 ). Thus, each aquifer system has unique microbial communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community structural response to variations in physicochemical features of different aquifers

Dai

Zhang²,

Fang³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe community structure of groundwater microorganisms has a significant impact on groundwater quality. However, the relationships between the microbial communities and environmental variables in groundwater of different recharge and disturbance types are not fully understood.MethodsIn this study, measurements of groundwater physicochemical parameters and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology were used to assess the interactions between hydrogeochemical conditions and microbial diversity in Longkou coastal aquifer (LK), Cele arid zone aquifer (CL), and Wuhan riverside hyporheic zone aquifer (WH). Redundancy analysis indicated that the primary chemical parameters affecting the microbial community composition were NO3–, Cl–, and HCO3–.ResultsThe species and quantity of microorganisms in the river–groundwater interaction area were considerably higher than those in areas with high salinity [Shannon: WH (6.28) > LK (4.11) > CL (3.96); Chao1: WH (4,868) > CL (1510) > LK (1,222)]. Molecular ecological network analysis demonstrated that the change in microbial interactions caused by evaporation was less than that caused by seawater invasion under high-salinity conditions [(nodes, links): LK (71,192) > CL (51,198)], whereas the scale and nodes of the microbial network were greatly expanded under low-salinity conditions [(nodes, links): WH (279,694)]. Microbial community analysis revealed that distinct differences existed in the classification levels of the different dominant microorganism species in the three aquifers.DiscussionEnvironmental physical and chemical conditions selected the dominant species according to microbial functions. Gallionellaceae, which is associated with iron oxidation, dominated in the arid zones, while Rhodocyclaceae, which is related to denitrification, led in the coastal zones, and Desulfurivibrio, which is related to sulfur conversion, prevailed in the hyporheic zones. Therefore, dominant local bacterial communities can be used as indicators of local environmental conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community structural response to variations in physicochemical features of different aquifers

Dai

Zhang²,

Fang³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The effective in situ remediation of NO 3 − contaminated groundwater is a global issue because of the impact of this pollutant on human activities and the sustainable development of the environment. Technologies for the in situ removal of NO 3 − from groundwater are numerous, but the most commonly employed include the following: biological (Chakraborty et al, 2022), physical (Yang et al, 2019), and electrokinetic remediation (Ghaeminia and Mokhtarani, 2018) as well as the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) (Mittal et al, 2020;Amoako-Nimako et al, 2021). The PRB is gaining increasing attention for groundwater remediation because of its wide applicability, high remediation efficiency, and low cost (Zhao et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of nitrate contaminated groundwater using a simulated PRB system with an La–CTAC–modified biochar filler

Wu²,

Nie³

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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In the present study, the Erigeron canadensis L., a typical invasive plant in Southwest China, was utilized as the raw material to prepare original biochar (ECL), a rare earth element La–modified biochar (La–ECL), and a rare earth element La coupling cationic surfactant [cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC)]–modified biochar (La/CTAC–ECL). These materials were then added to simulated permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) and their nitrate (NO3−) contaminant remediation performances were evaluated in groundwater. The results show that the breakthrough time for NO3− in a simulated PRB column increases as the concentration of the influent NO3− and the flow rate decreases, whereas with the increases of filler particle size and the height of the filler in the column initially increases, and then decreases. Considering an initial NO3− concentration of 50 mg L−1, and a filler particle size range of 0.8–1.2 mm, the maximum adsorption capacity of the La/CTAC–ECL column for NO3− is 18.99 mg g−1 for a filler column height of 10 cm and an influent flow rate of 15 ml min−1. The maximum quantity of adsorbed NO3− of 372.80 mg is obtained using a filler column height of 15 cm and an influent flow rate of 10 ml min−1. The Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models accurately predict the breakthrough of NO3− in groundwater in the simulated PRB column under different conditions, and the results are consistent with those from dynamic NO3− adsorption experiments. TEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS analyses demonstrate that the modification using the La and CTAC improves the surface structure, porosity, permeability, and configuration of functional groups of the biochar. The mechanisms of NO3− removal from groundwater using the La/CTAC–ECL include pore filling, surface adsorption, ion exchange, and electrostatic adsorption. The composite La/CTAC–ECL exhibits a superior potential for the remediation of NO3− contaminated groundwater.

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“…The vertical distribution of nitrate, known as the stratification process [21][22][23][24], is not considered.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimal Pollution Control and Pump-and-Fertilize Strategies in a Nitro-Polluted Aquifer, Using Genetic Algorithms and Modflow

Kontos,

Rompis,

Karpouzos

2023

Agronomy

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Nitro-pollution in a confined aquifer may originate from its recharge area, e.g., agricultural sites, animal feedlots, septic tanks, and other waste disposal sites or from treated wastewater recharge wells. The latter case is studied. Existing water supply pumping wells should be protected for a given period. Instead of typically investigating optimal pump-and-treat or hydrodynamic pollution control management/remediation strategies, a novel combined pollution control and pump-and-fertilize (PAF) approach is proposed: protect existing wells with additional wells, considering pumped nitro-polluted groundwater as profitable reusable fertilizer rather than a pollutant to be remediated; convey pumped polluted water to an irrigation reservoir, considering nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated crops in nearby farmlands and proportional decrease in fertilizer application, meaning profit. Optimization entails the operation of optimally located additional pumping wells with optimal flow rates, minimizing the sum of (i) annual pumping cost, (ii) pipe network (connecting additional wells and reservoir) amortization cost, and (iii) profit from retrieved N reuse. Modflow simulates a 3D flow field and advection-dispersion mass transport, while Genetic Algorithms (GAs) handle optimization. Various scenarios are simulated concerning crops’ retrieved N root uptake percentage, fertilizer, and energy market prices. The paper provides a data-ready optimization/decision support tool that creates a pool of alternative (sub)optimal management solutions/strategies.

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Vertical stratification of microbial communities and isotope geochemistry tie groundwater denitrification to sampling location within a nitrate-contaminated aquifer

Cited by 10 publications

References 93 publications

Microbial community structural response to variations in physicochemical features of different aquifers

Microbial community structural response to variations in physicochemical features of different aquifers

Remediation of nitrate contaminated groundwater using a simulated PRB system with an La–CTAC–modified biochar filler

Optimal Pollution Control and Pump-and-Fertilize Strategies in a Nitro-Polluted Aquifer, Using Genetic Algorithms and Modflow

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