Vertical SiNWAs for biomedical and biotechnology applications

Abstract

Vertical silicon nanowire arrays (SiNWAs) are considered as one of the most promising nanomaterials. Notably, silicon-based nanomaterials exhibit excellent biocompatibility, and the diameters of silicon nanowires are comparable to the dimensions of many biological molecules, providing SiNWAs with great potential for life science applications. In this review, we first briefly introduce the synthesis, patterning and surface functionalization of SiNWAs and then focus on the recent progress in the application of SiNWAs for biosensors, studies on mammalian cells or bacteria with nanomaterials, controlled capture/ adsorption and release of cells or proteins, drug delivery, DNA transformation, antifouling surfaces, and nanozyme. We conclude with a brief perspective on future research directions and on the major challenges in this promising field. Fig. 7 (a) Schematic illustration of anti-EpCAM-coated SiNWA substrate for the enhanced capture of CTCs; (b) schematic illustration of a NanoVelcro chip with SiNWAs integrated in a PDMS fluidic device for capturing CTCs; (c) schematic illustration of an aptamer-coated Nano-Velcro Chip for capturing and releasing CTCs upon enzymatic treatment; (d) schematic illustration of DNA-coated SiNWAs for capturing and releasing T cells (top) and fluorescence microscopy images of captured cells before and after treatment with exonuclease (bottom); (e) and (f) schematic illustration of PNIPAAm-based polymer-coated SiNWAs for capturing and releasing CTCs in response to temperature; (g) schematic illustration of PAAPBA-coated SiNWAs for capturing and releasing CTCs in response to pH and glucose. 91 [Reprinted with permission of ref. 84,

Bis‐GMA Free Dental Materials Based on UDMA/SR833s Dental Resin System

“…Since they were first introduced into dentistry 40 years ago, dental composites have achieved great development in resin matrix, inorganic fillers, and curing method, [1][2][3] and the development is still going on with the aim to obtain a safe dental composites with low polymerization shrinkage, [4][5][6] high mechanical properties, [7][8][9] antimicrobial function, [10][11][12][13][14] and so on.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Low Polymerization Shrinkage and Bis‐GMA‐Free Dental Resin System

“…29 In this study, Bis-GMA/TEGDMA control polymer and UDMA/TEGDMA control polymer had the same FS and FM here, similar to the results of previous studies. 5,12,29 Though UDMA lacks rigid benzene groups existing in the structure of Bis-GMA, which can reinforce the polymeric network, the higher DC of UDMA/TEGDMA polymer will lead to higher cross-linking density and enhance the mechanical property. 14 Therefore, there was no significant difference in FS and FM between UDMA/TEGDMA and Bis-GMA/TEGDMA polymers.…”

“…12 Recently, UDMA has already been considered to be used as a substitute for Bis-GMA to prepare Bis-GMA-free dental restorative materials. 13 However, it was reported that UDMA-based resin had higher volumetric shrinkage than Bis-GMA-based resin, 14 which might lead to higher possibility of secondary caries.…”

Microfluidic devices to enrich and isolate circulating tumor cells

“…53, 54 The silicon nanowire arrays (SiNWAs) have unique structural features, excellent electronic, optical, thermoelectric, and mechanical properties, and biocompatibility with potential for various biomedical applications. 54 For example, compared with flat silicon substrates, SiNWAs with large surface areas were used as a platform for the enhanced capture of CTCs through incorporation into a PDMS microfluidic device.…”