Vertical reaction forces and kinematics of backward walking underwater

Carneiro, Letícia Calado; Michaelsen, Stella Maris; Roesler, Hélio; Haupenthal, Alessandro; Hubert, Marcel; Mallmann, Eddy

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.09.011

Cited by 26 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(67 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These findings are controversial in studies that used video cameras: some studies [58] found results similar to those we presented, while others [59] observed no differences at heel-strike and toe-off for healthy young adults. The differences found in the present paper can be explained by the surrounding conditions, i.e., walking speed of the participants and/or their height.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

The Use of IMMUs in a Water Environment: Instrument Validation and Application of 3D Multi-Body Kinematic Analysis in Medicine and Sport

Mangia

Cortesi

Fantozzi

et al. 2017

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aims of the present study were the instrumental validation of inertial-magnetic measurements units (IMMUs) in water, and the description of their use in clinical and sports aquatic applications applying customized 3D multi-body models. Firstly, several tests were performed to map the magnetic field in the swimming pool and to identify the best volume for experimental test acquisition with a mean dynamic orientation error lower than 5°. Successively, the gait and the swimming analyses were explored in terms of spatiotemporal and joint kinematics variables. The extraction of only spatiotemporal parameters highlighted several critical issues and the joint kinematic information has shown to be an added value for both rehabilitative and sport training purposes. Furthermore, 3D joint kinematics applied using the IMMUs provided similar quantitative information than that of more expensive and bulky systems but with a simpler and faster setup preparation, a lower time consuming processing phase, as well as the possibility to record and analyze a higher number of strides/strokes without limitations imposed by the cameras.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

The Use of IMMUs in a Water Environment: Instrument Validation and Application of 3D Multi-Body Kinematic Analysis in Medicine and Sport

Mangia

Cortesi

Fantozzi

et al. 2017

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data obtained from these attempts allowed us to calculate the mean and fix the same frequency (due to the similarity) for the entire sample. To avoid an interference of the upper limbs, participants walked forward and backward along a walkway with their arms crossed at the chest (Carneiro et al, 2012;Grasso, Bianchi, & Lacquaniti, 1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, two researches are available concerning joint angles at initial contact (Barela & Duarte, 2008;Carneiro et al, 2012) and only one at final stance (Carneiro et al, 2012).…”

Section: Joint Anglesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Backward walking in a water environment has been shown to reduce nearly a 20% the speed (Chevutschi, Alberty, Lensel, Pardessus, & Thevenon, 2009;Carneiro et al, 2012) and a 6% the step length and to increase a 11% the frequency (Masumoto et al, 2009) and 61% the knee, ankle and hip joint angles (Carneiro et al, 2012) compared to forward walking. In the analysis of a gait cycle, stride duration, support phase (Barela & Duarte, 2008;Orselli & Duarte, 2011), stride length (Barela & Duarte, 2008;Masumoto, Hamada, Tomonaga, Kodama, & Hotta, 2012;Masumoto, Shono, Hotta, & Fujishima, 2008;Orselli & Duarte, 2011) and the knee, ankle and hip angles (Carneiro et al, 2012) were lower on land than in water (mean decreased of 11% for stride length, of 60.7% for stride duration, of 4% for support phase duration and of 57.3% for joint angles) whilst the speed was a 34% greater (Chevutschi et al, 2009;Barela & Duarte, 2008;Barela et al, 2006;Carneiro et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the analysis of a gait cycle, stride duration, support phase (Barela & Duarte, 2008;Orselli & Duarte, 2011), stride length (Barela & Duarte, 2008;Masumoto, Hamada, Tomonaga, Kodama, & Hotta, 2012;Masumoto, Shono, Hotta, & Fujishima, 2008;Orselli & Duarte, 2011) and the knee, ankle and hip angles (Carneiro et al, 2012) were lower on land than in water (mean decreased of 11% for stride length, of 60.7% for stride duration, of 4% for support phase duration and of 57.3% for joint angles) whilst the speed was a 34% greater (Chevutschi et al, 2009;Barela & Duarte, 2008;Barela et al, 2006;Carneiro et al, 2012). In addition, it is interesting to note that, to the best of our knowledge, few studies have examined the influence of different frequencies in kinematics variables and such information could be useful for researchers, clinicians, physiotherapists and sport scientists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biomechanical characteristics of adults walking forward and backward in water at different stride frequencies

Cadenas-Sánchez

Arellano

Taladriz

et al. 2015

Journal of Sports Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to examine spatiotemporal characteristics and joint angles during forward and backward walking in water at low and high stride frequency. Eight healthy adults (22.1 ± 1.1 years) walked forward and backward underwater at low (50 pulses) and high frequency (80 pulses) at the xiphoid process level with arms crossed at the chest. The main differences observed were that the participants presented a greater speed (0.58 vs. 0.85 m/s) and more asymmetry of the step length (1.24 vs. 1.48) at high frequency whilst the stride and step length (0.84 vs. 0.7 m and 0.43 vs. 0.35 m, respectively) were lower compared to low frequency (P < 0.05). Support phase duration was higher at forward walking than backward walking (61.2 vs. 59.0%). At initial contact, we showed that during forward walking, the ankle and hip presented more flexion than during backward walking (ankle: 84.0 vs. 91.8º and hip: 22.8 vs. 8.0º; P < 0.001). At final stance, the knee and hip were more flexed at low frequency than at high frequency (knee: 150.0 vs. 157.0º and hip: -12.2 vs. -14.5º; P < 0.001). The knee angle showed more flexion at forward walking (134.0º) than backward walking (173.1º) (P < 0.001). In conclusion, these results show how forward and backward walking in water at different frequencies differ and contribute to a better understanding of this activity in training and rehabilitation.

show abstract

Aquatic training in MS : neurotherapeutic impact upon quality of life

Frohman

Okuda

Beh

et al. 2015

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three fundamental principals associated with aquatic therapy differentiate it with respect to exercise on land, and in air. These are buoyancy (reduction in weight of the body within the buoyant medium of water), viscosity (a “drag force” is generated when moving within water, when compared with the same movement in air), and the thermodynamic aspect of water exercise, during which the heat capacity of water is about 1000 times greater than that of an equivalent amount of air; equating to a heat transfer from the body into water at a rate 25 times faster than that of air. Aquatic conditioning, can improve neurologic functioning, with dividends favorably impacting activities of daily living, health maintenance, safety, and ultimately quality of life. Here, we review the application of aquatic exercise training in MS patients.

show abstract

Vertical reaction forces and kinematics of backward walking underwater

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

The Use of IMMUs in a Water Environment: Instrument Validation and Application of 3D Multi-Body Kinematic Analysis in Medicine and Sport

The Use of IMMUs in a Water Environment: Instrument Validation and Application of 3D Multi-Body Kinematic Analysis in Medicine and Sport

Biomechanical characteristics of adults walking forward and backward in water at different stride frequencies

Aquatic training in MS : neurotherapeutic impact upon quality of life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About