Vertical Heterogeneity of Genotypic Structure and Toxic Potential within Populations of the Harmful Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

Abstract

We investigated the vertical variability of toxic potential (i.e. proportions of cells containing microcystin genes) and genotypic structure within different populations of Microcystis aeruginosa that developed in deep artificial reservoirs on the Loire River (France). We demonstrated that a great qualitative vertical heterogeneity could exist within a single bloom of this cyanobacterium in deep lakes. Indeed, we observed important vertical shifts of both toxic potential and genotypic structure, whatever the bloom magnitude. These variations occurred mainly within the euphotic zone and proved to occur independently from abundance vertical shifts. One of the most striking results of this study is that the genotypic structure of a population of M. aeruginosa was more variable between different depths sampled at a single site than between different sites of the same reservoir sampled on top of the water column. In the same way the proportion of potentially toxic cells was sometimes more variable vertically than horizontally. The occurrence of such vertical heterogeneity in three different blooms suggests that this could be a frequent pattern within populations of M. aeruginosa.

Microbiome analysis reveals Microcystis blooms endogenously seeded from benthos within wastewater maturation ponds

“…The degree to which the genotypic diversity of Microcystis occupying the benthos may influence the composition and genomic variability of SW proliferations is largely unclear ( 37 ). The potential for sediments to act as a genetic repository for perennial bloom development should be of concern to water quality managers and the greater limnological community as adaptations to environmental stimuli may determine bloom severity and toxicity ( 38 – 40 ).…”