Vertical fluxes of NOx, HONO, and HNO3 above the snowpack at Summit, Greenland

Honrath, R. E.; Lu, Yu‐Wei; Peterson, Matt A.; Dibb, Jack E.; Arsenault, Matthew; Cullen, Nicolas J.; Steffen, Konrad

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00132-2

Cited by 233 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…At South Pole, significant ozone enhancements (Crawford et al, 2001;Jones and Wolff, 2003;Helmig et al, 2006c;Oltmans et al, 2006 1 ) and boundary layer ozone formation rates of several ppbv per day have been reported (Crawford et al 2001;Chen et al, 2004). Atmospheric NO x mixing ratios and ozone production appear to be highest at South Pole compared to measurements in the Antarctic coastal environment and in the Arctic Munger et al, 1999;Jones et al, 1999;Honrath et al, 2002;Yang et al, 2002). Consequently, for South Pole, and likely for vast areas of the Antarctic plateau, the snowpack-atmosphere interface has to be considered a tropospheric ozone source, rather than a sink, during at least part of the Antarctic summer.…”

Section: Ozone Uptake To Snowmentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of ozone atmosphere-snow gas exchange on polar, boundary-layer tropospheric ozone – a review and sensitivity analysis

et al. 2007

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Abstract. Recent research on snowpack processes and atmosphere-snow gas exchange has demonstrated that chemical and physical interactions between the snowpack and the overlaying atmosphere have a substantial impact on the composition of the lower troposphere. These observations also imply that ozone deposition to the snowpack possibly depends on parameters including the quantity and composition of deposited trace gases, solar irradiance, snow temperature and the substrate below the snowpack. Current literature spans a remarkably wide range of ozone deposition velocities (v dO3 ); several studies even reported positive ozone fluxes out of the snow. Overall, published values range from ∼-3

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Section: Ozone Uptake To Snowmentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of ozone atmosphere-snow gas exchange on polar, boundary-layer tropospheric ozone – a review and sensitivity analysis

et al. 2007

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“…The sources of nitrous acid in the troposphere, however, are still poorly understood. Recent atmospheric measurements 7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] revealed a strongly enhanced formation of nitrous acid during daytime via unknown mechanisms. Here we expose humic acid films to nitrogen dioxide in an irradiated tubular gas flow reactor and find that reduction of nitrogen dioxide on light-activated humic acids is an important source of gaseous nitrous acid.…”

Section: Jörg Kleffmannmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosensitized reduction of nitrogen dioxide on humic acid as a source of nitrous acid

Stemmler

Ammann

Donders

et al. 2006

Nature

502

602

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“…In order to test the sensitivity of model-simulated surface NO x mixing ratios to the snowpack emissions, we implemented in the model a constant NO x flux of ∼ 2.52 × 10 8 molecules cm −2 s −1 during April-July over • N, 20-60 • W), following the measurements conducted at Summit during summertime by Honrath et al (2002). As a result, we found that on average the modelsimulated surface NO x mixing ratios for April to July over Summit more than doubled compared to the control simulation, which improved the agreement between the model and observations for April-June (Fig.…”

Section: No Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field measurements at Summit show that the snowpack emits gas-phase NO x , PAN, nitrous acid (HONO), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) during spring-summer when the polar sun rises (Ford et al, 2002;Honrath et al, 2002). Although several 1-D models (Thomas et al, 2011(Thomas et al, , 2012Frey et al, 2013;Murray et al, 2015) have validated the importance of snowpack emissions for surface NO x and O 3 formation, current global chemical transport models (CTMs) usually do not include these emission sources (Zatko et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface ozone and its precursors at Summit, Greenland: comparison between observations and model simulations

Huang¹,

Wu²,

Kramer³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Recent studies have shown significant challenges for atmospheric models to simulate tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) and its precursors in the Arctic. In this study, ground-based data were combined with a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to examine the abundance and seasonal variations of O 3 and its precursors at Summit, Greenland (72.34 • N, 38.29 • W; 3212 m a.s.l.). Model simulations for atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO x ), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), propane (C 3 H 8 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and O 3 for the period July 2008-June 2010 were compared with observations. The model performed well in simulating certain species (such as CO and C 3 H 8 ), but some significant discrepancies were identified for other species and further investigated. The model generally underestimated NO x and PAN (by ∼ 50 and 30 %, respectively) for MarchJune. Likely contributing factors to the low bias include missing NO x and PAN emissions from snowpack chemistry in the model. At the same time, the model overestimated NO x mixing ratios by more than a factor of 2 in wintertime, with episodic NO x mixing ratios up to 15 times higher than the typical NO x levels at Summit. Further investigation showed that these simulated episodic NO x spikes were always associated with transport events from Europe, but the exact cause remained unclear. The model systematically overestimated C 2 H 6 mixing ratios by approximately 20 % relative to observations. This discrepancy can be resolved by decreasing anthropogenic C 2 H 6 emissions over Asia and the US by ∼ 20 %, from 5.4 to 4.4 Tg year −1 . GEOS-Chem was able to reproduce the seasonal variability of O 3 and its spring maximum. However, compared with observations, it underestimated surface O 3 by approximately 13 % (6.5 ppbv) from April to July. This low bias appeared to be driven by several factors including missing snowpack emissions of NO x and nitrous acid in the model, the weak simulated stratosphereto-troposphere exchange flux of O 3 over the summit, and the coarse model resolution.

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Vertical fluxes of NOx, HONO, and HNO3 above the snowpack at Summit, Greenland

Cited by 233 publications

References 28 publications

The role of ozone atmosphere-snow gas exchange on polar, boundary-layer tropospheric ozone – a review and sensitivity analysis

The role of ozone atmosphere-snow gas exchange on polar, boundary-layer tropospheric ozone – a review and sensitivity analysis

Photosensitized reduction of nitrogen dioxide on humic acid as a source of nitrous acid

Surface ozone and its precursors at Summit, Greenland: comparison between observations and model simulations

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