Vertical distribution of echinoid larvae in pH stratified water columns

Maboloc, Elizaldy A.; Batzel, Grant; Grünbaum, Daniel; Chan, Kit Yu Karen

doi:10.1007/s00227-019-3629-7

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some zooplankton species exhibit behaviors that can influence their ability to tolerate or avoid stressful conditions. Copepods, for example, have been shown to actively adjust their position or motility in response to a variety of stimuli, including turbulent flow (Michalec et al, 2017), light (Martynova and Gordeeva, 2010), pollutants (Michalec et al, 2013), and hypoxia (Keister and Tuttle, 2013), while echinoderm larvae can alter their swimming behavior to avoid low pH (Maboloc et al, 2020). Our data collection methods almost certainly obscured any behavioral responses that might have occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Sensitivities of Zooplankton to Ocean Acidification Conditions in Experimental and Natural Settings

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zooplankton can serve as indicators of ecosystem health, water quality, food web structure, and environmental change, including those associated with climate change and ocean acidification (OA). Laboratory studies demonstrate that low pH and high pCO2 associated with OA can significantly affect the physiology and survival of zooplankton, with differential responses among taxa. While laboratory studies can be indicative of zooplankton response to OA, in situ responses will ultimately determine the fate of populations and ecosystems. In this perspective, we compare expectations from experimental studies with observations made in Puget Sound (Washington, United States), a highly dynamic estuary with known vulnerabilities to low pH and high pCO2. We found little association between empirical measures of in situ pH and the abundance of sensitive taxa as revealed by meta-analysis, calling into question the coherence between experimental studies and field observations. The apparent mismatch between laboratory and field studies has important ramifications for the design of long-term monitoring programs and interpretation and use of the data produced. Important work remains to be done to connect traits that are sensitive to OA with those that are ecologically relevant and reliably observable in the field.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Sensitivities of Zooplankton to Ocean Acidification Conditions in Experimental and Natural Settings

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(Svetlichny et al 2000). In pH-stratified experimental water columns, larval sand dollars reversed the direction and shape of their swimming trajectory upon encountering the boundary between ambient and acidic water (Maboloc et al 2020). Historical exposure to chemical stressors can also result in different behavioral responses between populations of the same species, through local adaptation or behavioral plasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hypoxia and acidification on Calanus pacificus: behavioral changes in response to stressful environments

Wyeth

Grünbaum

Keister

2022

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Copepods, which play major roles in marine food webs and biogeochemical cycling, frequently undergo diel vertical migration (DVM), swimming downwards during the day to avoid visual predation and upwards at night to feed. Natural water columns that are stratified with chemical stressors at depth, such as hypoxia and acidification, are increasing with climate change. Understanding behavioral responses of copepods to these stresses—in particular, whether copepods alter their natural migration—is important to anticipating impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. We conducted laboratory experiments using stratified water columns to measure the effects of bottom water hypoxia and pH on mortality, distribution, and swimming behaviors of the calanoid copepod Calanus pacificus. When exposed to hypoxic (0.65 mg O2 l-1) bottom waters, the height of C. pacificus from the bottom increased 20% within hypoxic columns, and swimming speed decreased 46% at the bottom of hypoxic columns and increased 12% above hypoxic waters. When exposed to low pH (7.48) bottom waters, swimming speeds decreased by 8 and 9% at the base of the tanks and above acidic waters, respectively. Additionally, we found a 118% increase in ‘moribund’ (immobile on the bottom) copepods when exposed to hypoxic, but not acidic, bottom waters. Some swimming statistics differed between copepods collected from sites with versus without historical hypoxia and acidity. Observed responses suggest potential mechanisms underlying in situ changes in copepod population distributions when exposed to chemical stressors at depth.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, these urchins may be particularly vulnerable to stress during early development. Although planktonic embryological and larval stages of echinoids are capable of exhibiting vertical migration [16,17], they are likely less capable of nding refuge from stressful conditions than their benthic adult counterparts. There is also evidence that many organisms are most vulnerable to environmental stress early in their life history [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Patterns of Red Sea Urchins (Mesocentrotus Franciscanus) Exposed to Different Combinations of Temperature and pCO2 During Early Development

Hofmann

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract Background: The red sea urchin Mesocentrotus franciscanus is an ecologically important kelp forest herbivore and an economically valuable wild fishery species. To examine of how M. franciscanus responds to its environment on a molecular level, differences in gene expression patterns were observed in embryos raised under combinations of two temperatures (13 °C and 17 °C) and two pCO2 levels (475 matm and 1050 matm). The transcriptomic responses of the embryos were assessed at two developmental stages (gastrula and prism) in light of previously described plasticity in body size and thermotolerance under these temperature and pCO2 treatments.Results: Although transcriptomic patterns primarily varied by developmental stage, there were pronounced differences in gene expression as a result of the treatment conditions. Temperature and pCO2 treatments led to the differential expression of genes related to the cellular stress response, transmembrane transport, metabolic processes, and the regulation of gene expression. Temperature had a greater influence on gene expression than pCO2, and may have contributed to positive effects of temperature on body size and thermotolerance at the prism stage. On the other hand, a relatively muted transcriptomic response to pCO2 may have permitted the stunting effect of elevated pCO2 on embryo body size.Conclusions: M. franciscanus exhibited both transcriptomic and phenotypic plasticity in response to temperature and pCO2 stress during early development. As climate change continues, red sea urchins may benefit from moderate ocean warming, whereas they will be negatively affected by ocean acidification. Present-day pCO2 conditions that occur due to coastal upwelling may already be detrimental to populations of M. franciscanus.

show abstract

Vertical distribution of echinoid larvae in pH stratified water columns

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Comparative Sensitivities of Zooplankton to Ocean Acidification Conditions in Experimental and Natural Settings

Comparative Sensitivities of Zooplankton to Ocean Acidification Conditions in Experimental and Natural Settings

Effects of hypoxia and acidification on Calanus pacificus: behavioral changes in response to stressful environments

Gene Expression Patterns of Red Sea Urchins (Mesocentrotus Franciscanus) Exposed to Different Combinations of Temperature and pCO2 During Early Development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About