Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser: Its Conception and Evolution

Iga, Kenichi

doi:10.1143/jjap.47.1

Cited by 215 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…But this complexity, and the inherent fabrication costs, did not keep VCSELs from becoming the second most produced laser type [72,73,74]. The biggest advantages of this structure are the circular emission pattern and low divergence, which allow to easily couple the light to an optical fibre for optical interconnects.…”

Section: Vertical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized Structures in Broad Area VCSELs: Experiments and Delay-Induced Motion

Tlidi

Averlant

Vladimirov

et al. 2015

Springer Proceedings in Physics

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We investigate the space-time dynamics of a Vertical-Cavity SurfaceEmitting Laser (VCSEL) subject to optical injection and to delay feedback control. Apart from their technological advantages, broad area VCSELs allow creating localized light structures (LSs). Such LSs, often called Cavity Solitons, have been proposed to be used in information processing, device characterization, and others. After a brief description of the experimental setup, we present experimental evidence of stationary LSs. We then theoretically describe this system using a mean field model. We perform a real order parameter description close to the nascent bistability and close to large wavelength pattern forming regime. We theoretically characterize the LS snaking bifurcation diagram in this framework. The main body of this chapter is devoted to theoretical investigations on the time-delayed feedback control of LSs in VCSELs. The feedback induces a spontaneous motion of the LSs, which we characterize by computing the velocity and the threshold associated with such motion. In the nascent bistability regime, the motion threshold and the velocity

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Section: Vertical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized Structures in Broad Area VCSELs: Experiments and Delay-Induced Motion

Tlidi

Averlant

Vladimirov

et al. 2015

Springer Proceedings in Physics

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“…The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is a semiconductor laser that can be monolithically fabricated. (14) The VCSEL is now considered to be an important device for optical interconnects. We believe that the VCSEL can also be used as a device for sensoring or analysis.…”

Section: Prospect Of Combination With Optical Devices and Single-cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell Isolation and Size Sieving Using Microenclosure Array for Microbial Analysis

2015

Sensors and Materials

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We demonstrated a size sieving microbial cell separation apparatus consisting of multipillar microenclosures. The apparatus consists of two kinds of microenclosures that differ in size, namely, 4 × 4 μm 2 enclosures with 0.2 μm space between 1 μm diameter pillars and 8 × 8 μm 2 enclosures with 1 μm space. Single cells of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were separately captured in smaller and larger microenclosures, respectively, just by dropping mixtures. Moreover, we examined whether incubation using the microenclosure structure was possible or not, and succeeded in the incubation of S. cerevisiae. Microlens arrays using prefabricated mesa structures by the Ar plasma etching process were also manufactured. We believe that the fluorescence analysis or investigation of photochemical reactions for microbial single cells can be carried out by a combination of the microenclosure structure and optical devices.

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“…Due to their unique advantages such as low threshold, parallel operation, symmetrical and circular beam, on-wafer test capability, and high bandwidth modulation, VCSELs now constitute strategic light sources for photonic applications, ranging from optical communications to instrumentation as well as optical storage or printing [1]. Current research on these devices concerns enhancement of emission performances by means of novel confinement designs, spectral extension to UV-visible and mid-infrared ranges, but also improvement of their photonic integration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Micro-Optics Technologies for VCSEL Photonic Integration

Bardinal

Camps

Reig

et al. 2011

Advances in Optical Technologies

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We describe the main recent technological approaches that associate micro-optical elements to VCSELs in order to control their output beam and to improve their photonic integration. These approaches imply either a hybrid assembly or a direct integration technique. They are compared with regards to their tolerance to alignment errors and to their ease of implementation onto arrays of devices at a wafer level. In particular, we detail the integration techniques we have developed for self-aligned polymer microlens fabrication for beam collimation and short distance beam focusing. Finally, designs to achieve active micro-optics or to exploit novel nanophotonic effects are discussed.

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Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser: Its Conception and Evolution

Cited by 215 publications

References 69 publications

Localized Structures in Broad Area VCSELs: Experiments and Delay-Induced Motion

Localized Structures in Broad Area VCSELs: Experiments and Delay-Induced Motion

Single-Cell Isolation and Size Sieving Using Microenclosure Array for Microbial Analysis

Collective Micro-Optics Technologies for VCSEL Photonic Integration

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