Vertical-axis rotation of rigid crustal blocks driven by mantle flow

Giorgis, Scott; Markley, Michelle; Tikoff, Basil

doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2004.227.01.05

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For α < 45 • , the faults become dextral, and the rotation rate progressively decreases. These predictions differ from those of the floating block model described by Lamb (1987), and applied to the eastern Transverse Ranges by Giorgis et al (2004), in which the blocks rotate continuously at a rate related to their aspect ratio, their orientation and the vorticity of flow in the shear zone.…”

Section: B O O K S H E L F S L I Pcontrasting

confidence: 68%

Kinematics of rotating panels of E–W faults in the San Andreas system: what can we tell from geodesy?

Platt¹,

Becker²

2013

Geophysical Journal International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

San Andreas system, and are associated with palaeomagnetic evidence for clockwise vertical-axis rotations. These structures cut across the trend of active dextral faults, posing questions as to how displacement is transferred across them. Geodetic data show that they lie within an overall dextral shear field, but the data are commonly interpreted to indicate little or no slip, nor any significant rate of rotation. We model these structures as rotating by bookshelf slip in a dextral shear field, and show that a combination of sinistral slip and rotation can produce the observed velocity field. This allows prediction of rates of slip, rotation, fault-parallel extension and fault-normal shortening within the panel. We use this method to calculate the kinematics of the central segment of the Garlock Fault, which cuts across the eastern California shear zone at a high angle. We obtain a sinistral slip rate of 6.1 ± 1.1 mm yr -1 , comparable to geological evidence, but higher than most previous geodetic estimates, and a rotation rate of 4.0 ± 0.7 • Myr -1 clockwise. The western Transverse Ranges transect a similar shear zone in coastal and offshore California, but at an angle of only 40 • . As a result, the faults, which were sinistral when they were at a higher angle to the shear zone, have been reactivated in a dextral sense at a low rate, and the rate of rotation of the panel has decreased from its long-term rate of ∼5 • to 1.6 • ± 0.2 • Myr -1 clockwise. These results help to resolve some of the apparent discrepancies between geological and geodetic slip-rate estimates, and provide an enhanced understanding of the mechanics of intracontinental transform systems.

show abstract

Section: B O O K S H E L F S L I Pcontrasting

confidence: 68%

Kinematics of rotating panels of E–W faults in the San Andreas system: what can we tell from geodesy?

Platt¹,

Becker²

2013

Geophysical Journal International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Spin (Fig. 8; e.g., Torsvik et al, 2012), accommodated by plate-bounding faults (e.g., Anderson, 2015), is manifested by interplay among transpression, transtension, and transcurrence (Giorgis et al, 2004), during which distinct regional domains of extension and contraction are developed (Anderson, 2015(Anderson, , 2020. During plate rotation or spin, terranes are postulated to form from truncations of protrusions and other crustal domains, isolated by faults, along the plate margin.…”

Section: Plate Spinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7) and/or rotated (cf. Giorgis et al, 2004) by the integrated forces of gravity in combination with thermal convection. As a captured continental plate is dragged or rotates, ductile mantle is disrupted and displaced by protuberances, such as a slab coupled against the base of an overriding plate and/or an orogenic roots extending down from a cratonal core (Fig.…”

Section: Formation Of a Mantle "Wave"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plate convergence, consumption, collision, coupling, capture, and formation of mantle waves—Linkages to global orogenesis and epeirogeny

Anderson

2022

In the Footsteps of Warren B. Hamilton: New Ideas in Earth Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Widespread episodes of major contractional orogenesis correlate commonly with ages of high-pressure eclogitic rocks formed during bottom-driven, induced subduction of crustal terranes. Rapid exhumation of the deeply emplaced crust has led to the development of the concept of a “tectonic dunk.” The dunk process is a hallmark component of a suite of linked tectonic, magmatic, metamorphic, and sedimentologic processes that systematically follow plate interactions, including collision, coupling, and capture resulting in plate reconfiguration and changes of movement. Plate capture, which takes place during mechanical connection of plates within a “clutch” zone, is followed generally by an abrupt transition to plate stretching in response to drag or plate spin. Plate stretch, which is accommodated during drag by a network of complementary strike-slip and normal faults or during spin by regional domains of transtension, is recorded by “postorogenic,” back-arc extension, basin formation, and magmatism, extensive domains of which comprise large igneous provinces. As a captured continental plate is dragged or rotates, ductile mantle is disrupted and displaced by protuberances, such as a slab coupled against the base of an overriding plate and/or orogenic roots extending down from a cratonic core. The mantle turbulence resembles a wave-like ship’s wake with tsunami-like movement, albeit below crust. The arrival of a moving mantle bulge or wave is inferred to be focused along continental plate margins where subduction is induced, as recorded by magmatism and eclogitic rocks that form during deep emplacement of crustal terranes. Concurrent shortening of crust in the vicinity of the plate margin is inferred from inversion and uplift of marginal rift basins, obduction, and development of fold-and-thrust belts. As the mantle wave passes beneath plate interiors, tens to hundreds of meters of uplift, recorded by oceanic atolls, continental stream incision, regional unconformities, and local transitions to evaporite within shelf settings, record epeirogeny. After passage of the wave, common development of sheet-like bodies of quartzose sandstone, especially during the early Paleozoic, suggest postwave, regional subsidence. Resumption and re-invigoration of extension are recorded by eduction of dunked crust and conspicuous, widespread, volcanic eruptions recorded by tuffaceous layers intercalated with carbonaceous black shale within broad basins developed above thickened crust.

show abstract

Constraints on deformation path from finite strain gradients

Horsman

Tikoff

2007

Journal of Structural Geology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vertical-axis rotation of rigid crustal blocks driven by mantle flow

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

Kinematics of rotating panels of E–W faults in the San Andreas system: what can we tell from geodesy?

Kinematics of rotating panels of E–W faults in the San Andreas system: what can we tell from geodesy?

Plate convergence, consumption, collision, coupling, capture, and formation of mantle waves—Linkages to global orogenesis and epeirogeny

Constraints on deformation path from finite strain gradients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About