Vertical Atmospheric Ozone Distributions

Paetzold, H. K.

doi:10.1021/ba-1959-0021.ch033

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some 15 sets of measurements of ozone at the Earth's surface and in the free troposphere were made with the UV absorption technique between 1929(Fabry and Buisson, 1931Götz and Ladenberg, 1931;Götz and Maier-Leibnitz, 1933;Regener and Regener, 1934;Dauvillier, 1935;Götz et al, 1935;O'Brien et al, 1936;reported in Craig, 1950;Regener, 1938a;Stair, 1939, 1941;Götz and Penndorf, 1941;Vassy, 1941, data reported in Fabry, 1950Rasool et al 1956;Paetzold, 1959). The wavelengths used span the Hartley and Huggins bands.…”

Section: Other Methods Of Measuring Tropospheric Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

Tarasick

Galbally

Cooper

et al. 2019

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

158

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From the earliest observations of ozone in the lower atmosphere in the 19th century, both measurement methods and the portion of the globe observed have evolved and changed. These methods have different uncertainties and biases, and the data records differ with respect to coverage (space and time), information content, and representativeness. In this study, various ozone measurement methods and ozone datasets are reviewed and selected for inclusion in the historical record of background ozone levels, based on relationship of the measurement technique to the modern UV absorption standard, absence of interfering pollutants, representativeness of the well-mixed boundary layer and expert judgement of their credibility. There are significant uncertainties with the 19th and early 20th-century measurements related to interference of other gases. Spectroscopic methods applied before 1960 have likely underestimated ozone by as much as 11% at the surface and by about 24% in the free troposphere, due to the use of differing ozone absorption coefficients.There is no unambiguous evidence in the measurement record back to 1896 that typical mid-latitude background surface ozone values were below about 20 nmol mol -1 , but there is robust evidence for increases in the temperate and polar regions of the northern hemisphere of 30-70%, with large uncertainty, between the period of historic observations, 1896-1975, and the modern period (1990-2014). Independent historical observations from balloons and aircraft indicate similar changes in the free troposphere. Changes in the southern hemisphere are much less. Regional representativeness of the available observations remains a potential source of large errors, which are difficult to quantify.The great majority of validation and intercomparison studies of free tropospheric ozone measurement methods use ECC ozonesondes as reference. Compared to UV-absorption measurements they show a modest (~1-5% ±5%) high bias in the troposphere, but no evidence of a change with time. Umkehr, lidar, and FTIR methods all show modest low biases relative to ECCs, and so, using ECC sondes as a transfer standard, all appear to agree to within one standard deviation with the modern UV-absorption standard. Other sonde types show an increase of 5-20% in sensitivity to tropospheric ozone from 1970-1995. Biases and standard deviations of satellite retrieval comparisons are often 2-3 times larger than those of other free tropospheric measurements. The lack of information on temporal changes of bias for satellite measurements of tropospheric ozone is an area of concern for long-term trend studies.

show abstract

Section: Other Methods Of Measuring Tropospheric Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

Tarasick

Galbally

Cooper

et al. 2019

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

158

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…DUTSCH, 1965). Studies using ozonesonde observations have been rather few and isolated, mainly dealing with the measurements taken at one single point (PAETZOLD, 1959; BERQGREN, 1965). Using a synoptic ozonesonde network it would be possible to gather valuable information of the horizontal and vertical distribution of ozone provided the network is dense enough in time and space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A detailed study of the horizontal and vertical distribution of ozone

Berggren¹,

Labitzke²

1966

Tellus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The North American ozonesonde network has been used for a detailed study of the vertical and isentropic distribution of ozone mixing ratio during the period 1–5 May, 1963, when daily observations were made. By using isentropic trajectories and assuming that the ozone mixing ratio is constant it has been possible in effect to increase the network. The ozone distribution is studied with the aid of time cross sections, space cross sections and isentropic charts. Special emphasis is given to the lowest part of the stratosphere.

show abstract

“…14-19, note 29 on p. 300). Direct measurements of the ozone layer with in-situ instruments were achieved in the late 1930s by V. H. Regener and others in Germany, who used meteorological balloons to take spectrometers (constructed much differently than the Dobson units) to altitudes of up to 29 km (Crutzen, 1988;Paetzold, 1959;Regener, 1951).…”

Section: Interactions With Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning to See the Invisible: Discovery and Measurement of Ozone

Farrell

2005

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ozone is a key trace constituent of the atmosphere that is interesting for multiple reasons, including its ability to serve both as a screen against harmful solar radiation and as an aggressor against human health. However, methods for accurately detecting and measuring ozone were required before the behavior of ozone in the atmosphere and the effect of human activity on that behavior could be understood. This paper traces out the history of technologies and practices in ozone monitoring that have made this understanding possible, from nineteenth century chemical indicators to modern, laser-based detection technologies. Key insights include the importance of interactions between theorizing and observation in the process of scientific discovery, the importance of intercomparisons between different types of instruments, the way in which public policy concerns changed the pace and direction of ozone monitoring in the 1970s, and the importance of long-term environmental monitoring data to both improving our understanding of earth systems and protecting human health and the environment.

show abstract

Vertical Atmospheric Ozone Distributions

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Tropospheric ozone from 1877 to 2016, observed levels, trends and uncertainties

A detailed study of the horizontal and vertical distribution of ozone

Learning to See the Invisible: Discovery and Measurement of Ozone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About