Verteporfin photodynamic therapy induced apoptosis in choroidal neovascular membranes

Petermeier, Katrin; Tatar, Olcay; Inhoffen, Werner; Völker, Michael; Lafaut, B. A.; Henke-Fahle, Sigrid; Gelişken, Faik; Ziemssen, Focke; Bopp, Silvia; Bartz‐Schmidt, Karl Ulrich; Grisanti, Salvatore

doi:10.1136/bjo.2006.090852

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Recently, recurrence of CNV after PDT has been demonstrated to be due to angiogenesis and not recanalization. 11 This use of bevacizumab immediately after PDT on the same day therefore blocks this immediate upregulation of angiogenic mediators and theoretically blocks recurrence of CNV by angiogenesis. Clinical studies in adults have shown a decreased need for retreatments, as well as better visual results with this combination of PDT and antiangiogenic drugs compared to PDT alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Combined Photodynamic and Intravitreal Avastin Therapy for Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization in a Child

Kokame¹,

Drouilhet²

2009

RETINAL Cases &Amp; Brief Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Combined Photodynamic and Intravitreal Avastin Therapy for Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization in a Child

Kokame¹,

Drouilhet²

2009

RETINAL Cases &Amp; Brief Reports

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“…Photodynamic therapy is based on EC damage leading to vascular occlusion 23 24. However, enhanced VEGF expression25 and VEGF predominance over endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors, namely pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF)26 and endostatin,27 early after PDT, possibly restarts the angiogenesis cascade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix metalloproteinases in human choroidal neovascular membranes excised following verteporfin photodynamic therapy

Tatar

Adam

Shinoda

et al. 2007

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim: To evaluate expression of proangiogenic matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 at distinct intervals after verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) in human choroidal neovascular membranes (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: Retrospective review of an interventional case series of 49 patients who underwent removal of CNV. Twenty-six patients were treated with PDT 3 to 383 days prior to surgery. Twenty-three CNV without previous treatment were used as controls. CNV were stained for CD34, cytokeratin 18, endostatin, MMP-2 and MMP-9 by immunohistochemistry. Results: CNV without previous therapy disclosed MMP-2, MMP-9 in RPE-Bruch's membrane, vessels and stroma in different intensities. Three days after PDT, MMP-9 expression was significantly weaker in stroma (p = 0.0019). Endostatin was significantly reduced in vessels (p,0.001). At longer post-PDT intervals, a significant increase of MMP-9 in stroma (p = 0.037) and of endostatin in RPE-Bruch's membrane (p = 0.02), vessels (p = 0.005) and stroma (p,0.001) were disclosed. No significant changes in MMP-2 expression were detected. Conclusions: PDT induced an early, temporary decrease in MMP-9 and endostatin expression. At longer intervals, MMP-9 increase is possibly associated with the angiogenic process responsible for recurrence after PDT. MMP-9, however, acts as a double-edged sword by concomitant induction of endostatin, an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis. N eovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual loss in older people in the western world.

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“…50 This might explain why endostatin was diminished in the early post-PDT period when endothelial cells were severely damaged, [30][31][32] but enhanced thereafter when healthy endothelial cells were found. Increased infiltration with leucocytes and macrophages (unpublished data) producing proteolytic enzymes may also contribute to enhanced release of endostatin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[30][31][32] In .90% of the cases, however, a recurrence is seen within 3 months. [2][3][4][5][6] Enhanced VEGF expression 17 and predominance over pigment epithelium-derived factor 19 might contribute to this rebound effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of verteporfin photodynamic therapy on endostatin and angiogenesis in human choroidal neovascular membranes

Tatar

Shinoda

Adam

et al. 2007

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim: To evaluate the effect of verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on endostatin with regard to expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVs) secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Methods: A retrospective review of an interventional case series of 68 patients who underwent removal of CNV. 29 patients were treated with PDT 3-655 days before surgery. 39 CNVs without previous treatment were used as controls. CNVs were stained for CD34, CD105, Ki-67, cytokeratin 18, endostatin, E-selectin and VEGF. ''Predominance score of VEGF over endostatin'' (mean) was defined as the difference between VEGF and endostatin staining scores. Results: In four CNVs treated by PDT 3 days previously, PS was significantly higher in the retinal pigment epithelium (mean = 2.5, p = 0.006) and stroma (mean = 2, p = 0.015) than in the control group (mean = 0). At longer post-PDT intervals, PS was significantly decreased in the retinal pigment epithelium (mean = 0, p = 0.019) and stroma (mean = 0, p = 0.015). Proliferative activity was high (p = 0.023), but mostly related to inflammatory cells. PDT did not influence E-selectin expression significantly. Conclusions: VEGF predominance over endostatin early after PDT might contribute to enhanced angiogenic activity associated with recurrences. Strategies upregulating or replacing endostatin early after PDT might increase the effectiveness of PDT. N eovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual loss among elderly in the western world.

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Verteporfin photodynamic therapy induced apoptosis in choroidal neovascular membranes

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Successful Combined Photodynamic and Intravitreal Avastin Therapy for Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization in a Child

Successful Combined Photodynamic and Intravitreal Avastin Therapy for Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization in a Child

Matrix metalloproteinases in human choroidal neovascular membranes excised following verteporfin photodynamic therapy

Effect of verteporfin photodynamic therapy on endostatin and angiogenesis in human choroidal neovascular membranes

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