Vertebral fracture prevalence in black and white South African women

Conradie, M; Scher, A T; Kidd, Martin; Hough, Stephen

doi:10.1007/s11657-015-0203-x

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Similarly, hip fracture incidence was reported to be much lower in sub‐Saharan Africa populations compared to those in the United States and Scandinavia . In contrast, there was no evidence of ethnic differences in vertebral fracture prevalence among South African women …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ethnic Differences in Peripheral Skeletal Development Among Urban South African Adolescents: A Ten-Year Longitudinal pQCT Study

Schoenbuchner

Pettifor

Norris

et al. 2017

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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There are no longitudinal pQCT data of bone growth and development from sub‐Saharan Africa, where rapid environmental, societal, and economic transitions are occurring, and where fracture rates are predicted to rise. The aim of this study was to compare skeletal development in black and white South African adolescents using longitudinal data from the Birth to Twenty study. The Birth to Twenty Bone Health subcohort consisted of 543 adolescents (261 [178 black] girls, 282 [201 black] boys). Annual pQCT measurements of the radial and tibial metaphysis and diaphysis were obtained between ages 12 and 22 years (distal metaphysis: cross‐sectional area [CSA] and trabecular bone mineral density [BMD]; diaphysis: total and cortical CSA, cortical BMD, and polar stress‐strain index [SSIp]). Age at peak height velocity (APHV) was calculated to account for differences in maturational timing between ethnic groups and sexes. Mixed‐effects models were used to describe trajectories for each pQCT outcome. Likelihood‐ratio tests were used to summarize the overall difference in trajectories between black and white participants within each sex. APHV (mean ± SD years) was similar in black (11.8 ± 0.8) and white (12.2 ± 1.0) girls, but delayed in black (14.2 ± 1.0) relative to white boys (13.3 ± 0.8). By 4 years post‐APHV, white adolescents had significantly greater cortical CSA and SSIp than black adolescents at the radius. There were no significant differences at the radial metaphysis but there was some divergence, such that black adolescents had greater radial trabecular BMD by the end of follow‐up. At the tibia, white adolescents had lower diaphyseal CSA and SSIp, and greater metaphyseal CSA. There was no ethnic difference in tibial trabecular BMD. There are ethnic differences in bone growth and development, independent of maturation, in South African adolescents. This work gives new insights into the possible etiology of childhood fractures, which occur most commonly as peripheral sites. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ethnic Differences in Peripheral Skeletal Development Among Urban South African Adolescents: A Ten-Year Longitudinal pQCT Study

Schoenbuchner

Pettifor

Norris

et al. 2017

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…The reported prevalence of VFs in elderly subjects varies from 5.0% up to 17.8% [2–4], depending on factors such as age, sex and race. Among patients with COPD, the prevalence of VFs is even higher, ranging from 26.8% up to 79.4% [5–10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of vertebral deformities on chest CT and DXA compared to routine lateral thoracic spine X-ray

et al. 2018

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SummaryX-ray, CT and DXA enable diagnosis of vertebral deformities. For this study, level of agreement of vertebral deformity diagnosis was analysed. We showed that especially on subject level, these imaging techniques could be used for opportunistic screening of vertebral deformities in COPD patients.IntroductionX-ray and CT are frequently used for pulmonary evaluation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and also enable to diagnose vertebral deformities together with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) imaging. The aim of this research was to study the level of agreement of these imaging modalities for diagnosis of vertebral deformities from T4 to L1.MethodsEighty-seven subjects (mean age of 65; 50 males; 57 COPD patients) who had X-ray, chest CT (CCT) and DXA were included. Evaluable vertebrae were scored twice using SpineAnalyzer™ software. ICCs and kappas were calculated to examine intra-observer variability. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were calculated to compare vertebral deformities diagnosed on the different imaging modalities.ResultsICCs for height measurements were excellent (> 0.94). Kappas were good to excellent (0.64–0.77). At vertebral level, the AUROC was 0.85 for CCT vs. X-ray, 0.74 for DXA vs. X-ray and 0.77 for DXA vs. CCT. Sensitivity (51%–73%) and PPV (57%–70%) were fair to good; specificity and NPV were excellent (≥ 96%). At subject level, the AUROC values were comparable.ConclusionsReproducibility of height measurements of vertebrae is excellent with all three imaging modalities. On subject level, diagnostic performance of CT (PPV 79–82%; NPV 90–93%), and to a slightly lesser extend of DXA (PPV 73–77%; NPV 80–89%), indicates that these imaging techniques could be used for opportunistic screening of vertebral deformities in COPD patients.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00198-018-4412-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Our study mean frequency are in the lower limit. Differences was seen between our data and South African Black or American Africans, with ASEAN and ASEAN with American Caucasians or Europeans (Aspray, 1995;Lau et al, 1996;Luckey et al, 1996;Tracy et al, 2006;Muhammad et al, 2014;Conradie et al, 2015). These differences seems due to ethnicity as seen in united states (Luckey et al, 1996;Tracy et al, 2006) and south Africa (Conradie et al, 2015) where people living in the same country shows higher rate of fractures in white.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Multidetector CT in Quantitative Morphometric Assessment of Post-Menopausal Vertebral Fractures in Black Women of Central Africa

Kabenkama¹,

Ilunga²,

Tshikwela³

et al. 2017

RHS

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Vertebral fracture prevalence in black and white South African women

Cited by 34 publications

References 47 publications

Ethnic Differences in Peripheral Skeletal Development Among Urban South African Adolescents: A Ten-Year Longitudinal pQCT Study

Ethnic Differences in Peripheral Skeletal Development Among Urban South African Adolescents: A Ten-Year Longitudinal pQCT Study

Diagnosis of vertebral deformities on chest CT and DXA compared to routine lateral thoracic spine X-ray

Multidetector CT in Quantitative Morphometric Assessment of Post-Menopausal Vertebral Fractures in Black Women of Central Africa

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